Ammonium nitrate
Also known as Norway saltpeter, Ammonium nitricum, Nitram
Key facts
What buyers check first
- Appearance
- White hygroscopic crystals, orthorhombic
- Melting point
- 169.7 °C
- Boiling point
- 200 to 260
- Density
- 1.7 g/cm³
- Solubility
- 213 g/100 g water at 25 °C
- HS code
- 310230
- Category
- Nitrates and nitrites
- UN number
- UN 2067
What is Ammonium nitrate?
Plain description, key identifiers and synonyms
Ammonium nitrate is the ammonium salt of nitric acid. It has a role as a fertilizer, an oxidising agent and an explosive. It is an inorganic molecular entity, an ammonium salt and an inorganic nitrate salt.
Identifiers
Registry numbers, names and line notations, tap to copy
- IUPAC name
- azanium nitrate
- CAS number
- 6484-52-2 CAS number cross-checkedOther or deprecated CAS: 54378-28-8
- EC numbers
- 229-347-8, 682-080-2
- Molecular formula
- H4N2O3
- UNII
- T8YA51M7Y6
- MDL number
- MFCD00011425
- INCI name
- AMMONIUM NITRATE
- InChIKey
- DVARTQFDIMZBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-O
- InChI
- InChI=1S/NO3.H3N/c2-1(3)4;/h;1H3/q-1;/p+1
- SMILES (canonical and isomeric)
- [NH4+].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-]
Synonyms
- Norway saltpeter
- Ammonium nitricum
- Nitram
- Ammonium saltpeter
- Nitrate of ammonia
- Nitrato amonico
- Herco prills
- German saltpeter
- Merco Prills
- Varioform I
- Nitrate d'ammonium
- Nitric acid ammonium salt
- Nitric acid, ammonium salt
- Ammonium(I) nitrate (1:1)
- Nitric acid ammonium salt (1:1)
- Ammonium hydrogendinitrate
- azanium, nitrate
- Ammonium nitrate, 5%
- Ammonium Nitrate ACS grade
- Ammonium nitrate(V) - IV
- Ammonium nitrate(V) - III
- Ammonium nitrate - phase IV
- (N H4) (N O3)
- Ammonium nitrate 54% in water by weight
Physical and chemical properties
Measured values and descriptors computed from the structure
Physical and chemical properties
Measured values, check the supplier specification for your grade
| Appearance | White hygroscopic crystals, orthorhombicexp.Measured value |
|---|---|
| Odour | Odorlessexp.Measured value |
| Melting point | 169.7 °Cexp.Measured value |
| Boiling point | 200 to 260exp.Measured value |
| Density | 1.7 g/cm³exp.Measured value |
| Autoignition temperature | Not flammableexp.Measured value |
| Solubility | 213 g/100 g water at 25 °Cexp.Measured value |
| Vapour pressure | 2.3 kPa at 20 °C in water solution, 1.5 kPa at 20 °C in saturated NH4NOs solutionexp.Measured value |
Values vary by grade. Ask suppliers for the COA or TDS of the batch you buy.
Computed descriptors
Calculated from the structure, useful for screening and formulation
| Molecular weight | 80.04 g/molcalc.Computed value |
|---|---|
| Exact mass | 80.0222 Dacalc.Computed value |
| LogP (octanol/water) | 0.14calc.Computed value |
| Topological polar surface area | 102.7 Ųcalc.Computed value |
| Hydrogen bond donors | 1calc.Computed value |
| Hydrogen bond acceptors | 3calc.Computed value |
| Rotatable bonds | 0calc.Computed value |
| Heavy atoms | 5calc.Computed value |
| Rings | 0calc.Computed value |
| Aromatic rings | 0calc.Computed value |
| Fraction sp3 carbons | 0calc.Computed value |
| Formal charge | 0calc.Computed value |
| Stereocentres | 0calc.Computed value |
| Components | 2calc.Computed value |
Calculated for screening. Confirm critical figures with the supplier.
Safety and hazards
GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet
Hazard statements
- H272May intensify fire, oxidiser.
- H319Causes serious eye irritation.
- H335May cause respiratory irritation.
Precautionary statements (14)
- P210Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking.
- P220Keep away from clothing and other combustible materials.
- P261Avoid breathing dust, fume, gas, mist, vapours or spray.
- P264 + P265Wash skin thoroughly after handling. Do not touch eyes.
- P271Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
- P280Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, eye protection and face protection.
- P304 + P340If inhaled: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing.
- P305 + P351 + P338If in eyes: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
- P319Get medical help if you feel unwell.
- P337 + P317If eye irritation persists: Get medical help.
- P370 + P378In case of fire: Use appropriate media to extinguish.
- P403 + P233Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
- P405Store locked up.
- P501Dispose of contents and container in accordance with local regulations.
- UN number
- UN 2067
- Transport hazard class
- 5.1
- Packing group
- III
GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet (SDS). Classifications can differ by supplier, grade and concentration. Always check the supplier's SDS.
Full safety data and first aidAmmonium nitrate suppliers
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Ammonium nitrate is on a monitored list. Requests are reviewed by our compliance team.
Allowed to trade, enquiries are logged for compliance.
Reference: India Ammonium Nitrate Rules 2012
Our policy on controlled substances- India, Bharuch ManufacturerUnclaimed profileAmmonium nitrateGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
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Where suppliers are based
186 suppliers in 40 countries
- United States54
- India16
- China15
- United Kingdom8
- Canada7
- Bulgaria6
- and 34 more countries
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Ammonium nitrate price
Indicative price range per kg from live supplier offers
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Uses and applications
What the substance is used for, by industry and function
Approximately 15 to 20 percent of (the 1991 production) was used for explosives and the balance for fertilizer.
In the production of nitrous oxide ... used primarily as as anesthetic and as an aerosol for food products.
Manufacture of industrial and military explosives, matches, pyrotechnics. In fertilizers, freezing mixtures. ... When dissolved in liquid NH3 (Divers solution), used to strip ammonia from gases. Clean burning propellant oxidizer.
Industrial uses: Processing aids not otherwise specified, Plating agent, Fuel agents, Polymerization promoter, Energy Releasers (explosives, motive propellant), Other, Etching agent, Chelating agent.
Consumer uses: Other, Polymerization promoter, Energy Releasers (explosives, motive propellant), Fuel agents, Soil amendments (fertilizers), Catalyst, Oxidizing agent.
Use classes: Oxidants and Oxidant Stabilizers, Safer Chemical Classes.
Industries and functions
Cosmetic ingredient, INCI name AMMONIUM NITRATE(buffering)
Pharmacological actions
- Explosive Agents
- Fertilizers
Roles
- agrochemical
- explosive
- fertilizer
- oxidising agent
Functional uses
- Oxidizing agent
- pH regulating agent
Cosmetic functions
- Buffering
How it is made
Ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) is produced by neutralizing nitric acid (HNO3) with ammonia (NH3). ... All ammonium nitrate plants produce an aqueous ammonium nitrate solution through the reaction of ammonia and nitric acid in a neutralizer. Approximately 60 percent of the ammonium nitrate produced in the U. S. is sold as a solid product.
The neutralization of 45 - 65% HNO3 with gaseous NH3 is accompanied by the release of 100 - 115 J per mole of NH4NO3. In most processes this considerable heat of reaction is used for partial or complete evaporation of the water.
Read more
Depending on the pressure and the concentration of the nitric acid, 95 - 97% solutions of ammonium nitrate can be obtained.
The production of nitrophosphate fertilizers by digestion of crude phosphate with nitric acid in the Odda process produces as a byproduct calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, Ca(NO3)2.4 H2O, in considerable quantities. ... The output of nitrophosphates is increasing, while demand for calcium nitrate is declining. In a process introduced some years ago, the calcium nitrate tetrahydrate is treated with ammonia and carbon dioxide to form ammonium nitrate and calcium carbonate.
Regulatory status
Inventories, regulations and trade controls that list this substance
Ammonium nitrate is on a monitored list. Requests are reviewed by our compliance team.
Allowed to trade, enquiries are logged for compliance.
Reference: India Ammonium Nitrate Rules 2012
Our policy on controlled substancesHealth and food
- EU cosmetic ingredient inventory
United States
- Safer Choice ingredient list (USA)
- TSCA inventory (USA)Status: Active in US commerce
Controls
- Explosives or explosive precursor control list
HS code and trade data
Customs classification and reported world trade statistics
Global trade
World import and export statistics for the HS code Ammonium nitrate is traded under.
Ammonium nitrate, whether or not in aqueous solution
The HS code shown for Ammonium nitrate is indicative (it was matched by name in the HS nomenclature). Confirm the classification with your customs broker before shipping.
Related chemicals
Parent and salt forms, stereoisomers, similar structures and isomers
Similar structures
Nearest neighbours by Morgan fingerprint Tanimoto similarity
Same formula isomers
Different compounds that share this molecular formula
Frequently asked questions
Quick answers about Ammonium nitrate, based on the data on this page
What is Ammonium nitrate?
What is the CAS number of Ammonium nitrate?
What is the molecular formula and weight of Ammonium nitrate?
What is Ammonium nitrate used for?
Is Ammonium nitrate hazardous?
What is the HS code of Ammonium nitrate?
Where can I buy Ammonium nitrate?
Where can I buy Ammonium nitrate in India?
What is the price of Ammonium nitrate?
Guides for buyers
Practical guides that help when you source, ship or handle Ammonium nitrate
- Guide, SafetyHow to read a safety data sheet in 10 minutesA section by section method to pull the essentials out of any 16 section SDS: identity, hazards, composition, storage, PPE, properties, transport and emergency measures.Read
- Guide, Trade and logisticsShipping dangerous goods: UN numbers, classes and packing groupsHow the UN dangerous goods system works for chemicals, from the nine classes and UN numbers to packing groups, UN packaging marks, labels, documents and segregation.Read
- Guide, SafetyGHS pictograms, signal words and hazard statements explainedA practical guide to the nine GHS pictograms, the signal words Danger and Warning, H and P statements, and how to read a chemical label in seconds.Read
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