Hydrogen sulfide
Also known as Hydrosulfuric acid, Dihydrogen sulfide, Dihydrogen monosulfide
Key facts
What buyers check first
- Appearance
- Colorless gas [Shipped as a liquefied compressed gas]
- Melting point
- -85.5 °C
- Boiling point
- -60.3 °C
- Density
- Relative density (water = 1): 0.92
- Flash point
- Flammable gas
- HS code
- 281119
- Category
- Inorganic acids
- UN number
- UN 1053
What is Hydrogen sulfide?
Plain description, key identifiers and synonyms
Sulfur atom is a nonmetal atom and a chalcogen. It has a role as a macronutrient.
Identifiers
Registry numbers, names and line notations, tap to copy
- IUPAC name
- sulfane
- CAS number
- 7783-06-4 CAS number cross-checkedOther or deprecated CAS: 37331-50-3, 63705-05-5, 7704-34-9
- EC numbers
- 231-722-6, 231-977-3
- Molecular formula
- H2S
- UNII
- YY9FVM7NSN
- InChIKey
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/H2S/h1H2
- SMILES (canonical and isomeric)
- S
Synonyms
- Hydrosulfuric acid
- Dihydrogen sulfide
- Dihydrogen monosulfide
- Stink DAMP
- Hydrogen sulphide
- Sulfureted hydrogen
- Sewer gas
- Hydrogene sulfure
- Acide sulfhydrique
- Schwefelwasserstoff
- Zwavelwaterstof
- Siarkowodor
- Hydrogen-sulfide
- Idrogeno solforato
- Hydrogen sulfide (H2S)
- Sulfuretted hydrogen
- Hydrogene sulphure
- Acide sulphhydrique
- RCRA waste number U135
- Hydrogen sulfuric acid
- UN 1053
- Hydrogen sulfure
- Sulfide, Hydrogen
- Dihydrogen disulfide
- sulfane
Show all 38 synonymsShow fewer synonyms
- Cosan
- Hepatic acid
- Insoluble sulfur
- Hepatic gas
- Sulfur-32S
- S in Steel
- Sulfur Blank (0 wt%) in Kerosene
- Sulfur Blank (0 wt%) in Isooctane
- Sulfur Blank (0 wt%) in #2 Diesel Fuel
- Sulfur (>80%)
- Sulfur (>98%)
- Sulfur Blank (0 wt%) in 20 cSt Mineral Oil
- Sulfur Blank (0 wt%) in 75 cSt Mineral Oil
Physical and chemical properties
Measured values and descriptors computed from the structure
Physical and chemical properties
Measured values, check the supplier specification for your grade
| Appearance | Colorless gas [Shipped as a liquefied compressed gas]exp.Measured value |
|---|---|
| Odour | Strong odor of rotten eggs [Note: Sense of smell becomes rapidly fatigued & can NOT be relied upon to warn of the continuous presense of hydrogen sulfide].exp.Measured value |
| Taste | Sweetish tasteexp.Measured value |
| Melting point | -85.5 °Cexp.Measured value |
| Boiling point | -60.3 °Cexp.Measured value |
| Density | Relative density (water = 1): 0.92exp.Measured value |
| Flash point | Flammable gasexp.Measured value |
| Autoignition temperature | 260 °Cexp.Measured value |
| Solubility | In water, 3980 mg/L at 20 °Cexp.Measured value |
| Vapour pressure | 1.56 × 10⁺⁴ mm Hg at 25 °C /from experimentally-derived coefficientsexp.Measured value |
Values vary by grade. Ask suppliers for the COA or TDS of the batch you buy.
Computed descriptors
Calculated from the structure, useful for screening and formulation
| Molecular weight | 34.08 g/molcalc.Computed value |
|---|---|
| Exact mass | 33.9877 Dacalc.Computed value |
| LogP (octanol/water) | 0.11calc.Computed value |
| Topological polar surface area | 0 Ųcalc.Computed value |
| Hydrogen bond donors | 0calc.Computed value |
| Hydrogen bond acceptors | 0calc.Computed value |
| Rotatable bonds | 0calc.Computed value |
| Heavy atoms | 1calc.Computed value |
| Rings | 0calc.Computed value |
| Aromatic rings | 0calc.Computed value |
| Fraction sp3 carbons | 0calc.Computed value |
| Formal charge | 0calc.Computed value |
| Stereocentres | 0calc.Computed value |
Calculated for screening. Confirm critical figures with the supplier.
Safety and hazards
GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet
Hazard statements
- H220Extremely flammable gas.
- H330Fatal if inhaled.
- H400Very toxic to aquatic life.
Precautionary statements (18)
- P203Obtain, read and follow all safety instructions before use.
- P210Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking.
- P222Do not allow contact with air.
- P260Do not breathe dust, fume, gas, mist, vapours or spray.
- P271Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
- P273Avoid release to the environment.
- P280Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, eye protection and face protection.
- P284In case of inadequate ventilation wear respiratory protection.
- P304 + P340If inhaled: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing.
- P316Get emergency medical help immediately.
- P320Specific treatment is urgent (see supplemental first aid instructions on the label).
- P377Leaking gas fire: do not extinguish, unless leak can be stopped safely.
- P381In case of leakage, eliminate all ignition sources.
- P391Collect spillage.
- P403Store in a well-ventilated place.
- P403 + P233Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
- P405Store locked up.
- P501Dispose of contents and container in accordance with local regulations.
- UN number
- UN 1053
- Transport hazard class
- 2.3
GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet (SDS). Classifications can differ by supplier, grade and concentration. Always check the supplier's SDS.
Full safety data and first aidHydrogen sulfide suppliers
Sponsored listings first, then the documented ranking: membership, verification, replies, completeness, freshness and ratings
- Japan, Osaka ManufacturerUnclaimed profileHydrogen SulfideGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- United StatesUnclaimed profileHydrogen SulfideGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- United StatesUnclaimed profileHydrogen SulfideGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- China, ZhengzhouUnclaimed profileHydrogen SulfideGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- China, Chengdu ManufacturerUnclaimed profileHydrogen SulfideGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- JapanUnclaimed profileHydrogen SulfideGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- China, ShanghaiUnclaimed profileHydrogen SulfideGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- Belgium, Beveren-Kruibeke-Zwijndrecht ManufacturerUnclaimed profileHydrogen SulfideGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- Price on request
- India, Rajkot ManufacturerUnclaimed profileHydrogen SulfideGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
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Hydrogen sulfide price
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Uses and applications
What the substance is used for, by industry and function
Superficial sulfurization of metals with hydrogen sulfide allows modification of their physical or chemical properties. Hydrogen sulfide is used for passivation of the walls of reactors operating at high temperature in petrochemical operations such as steam cracking and hydrodealkylation. This treatment prevents desirable secondary reactions. Another use of hydrogen sulfide is the formation of a layer of sulfide on the surface of steel wires or plates that are to be coated with paint or plastic.
Read more
This treatment protects the coating or improves the action of adhesive primers.
The most common industrial application of hydrogen sulfide is the production of organic compounds with a thiol function (i.e., RSH, where R is a hydrocarbon group) or a thiol group and another function (e.g., alcohol, acid).
Certain catalysts reach their maximum activity only when their constituent metals are in the form of sulfides (e.g., the hydrotreating catalysts used in oil refining). Preliminary treatment with hydrogen sulfide is sometimes necessary. However, hydrogen sulfide also poisons some hydrogenation and reforming catalysts with a platinum or palladium base. This can be used to advantage to reduce initial catalyst activity and limit coking (i.e., formation of carbonaceous deposits). Gasoline reforming catalysts, for example, are always selectively poisoned with a small quantity of hydrogen sulfide prior to use.
Preliminary treatment with hydrogen sulfide is sometimes required for the purification of ore by selective flotation. ... This process is used in the purification of nickel and manganese.
Use classes: Inorganic substances.
Industries and functions
Pharmacological actions
- Air Pollutants
- Gasotransmitters
Roles
- Escherichia coli metabolite
- aetiopathogenetic role
- bacterial metabolite
- cardiovascular drug
- food component
- genotoxin
- macronutrient
- metabolite
- molecular messenger
- nutrient
- pharmaceutical
- physiological role
- poison
- prokaryotic metabolite
- signalling molecule
- toxin
- vasodilator agent
Functional uses
- Flavouring and nutrient
Pharmacology
Hydrogen Sulfide is a highly flammable conjugate acid of a cyanide that occurs naturally in crude petroleum, natural gas, and hot springs, and can be produced by bacterial breakdown of organic material and waste. It is used as a chemical weapon agent and is characterized as a colorless gas with a strong rotten egg odor that causes irritation of the eyes and respiratory tract, as well as toxic systemic effects.
How it is made
Hydrogen sulfide is formed when hydrogen is fed into sulfur at 350 °C with or without a catalyst (e.g., bauxite, aluminum silicate, cobalt molybdate. High pressure also aids the reaction. ... In the industrial production of hydrogen sulfide (Fig. 1), the reaction occurs at 450 °C and 0.7 MPa. Hydrogen sulfide is separated from sulfur vapor by cooling and solidifying the sulfur on the walls of a heat exchanger. The exchanger is alternately cooled and heated to remelt and eliminate the sulfur deposit.
Sulfur reacts with methane to form a mixture of hydrogen sulfide and carbon disulfide.
Read more
Carbon disulfide can be hydrolyzed, giving additional hydrogen sulfide. With higher alkanes (>C10) having a low vapor pressure, reaction takes place at 200-300 °C.
Hydrogen sulfide is obtained from ... gas: 1. directly if the hydrogen sulfide-carbon dioxide ratio is high enough to give an acid gas with the desired hydrogen sulfide content (80-90 vol%) or if a selective sweetening process is used, 2. after additional treatment, consisting of selective reprocessing (desired purity, 90-95%) or compression and subsequent distillation (minimum purity 99.5%).
Regulatory status
Inventories, regulations and trade controls that list this substance
Europe
- EU harmonised classification (CLP Annex VI)Index no: 016-001-00-4
United States
- TSCA inventory (USA)Status: Active in US commerce
HS code and trade data
Customs classification and reported world trade statistics
Global trade
World import and export statistics for the HS code Hydrogen sulfide is traded under.
Inorganic acids, other than hydrogen fluoride
- China29.3%
- United States16.2%
- Germany7.0%
* Partner reported figures, a lower bound.
The HS code shown for Hydrogen sulfide is indicative (it was assigned by structure rules). Confirm the classification with your customs broker before shipping.
Related chemicals
Parent and salt forms, stereoisomers, similar structures and isomers
Stereoisomers and isotopic forms
Same connectivity, different stereochemistry or isotopes (same InChIKey skeleton)
Similar structures
Nearest neighbours by Morgan fingerprint Tanimoto similarity
Same formula isomers
Different compounds that share this molecular formula
Frequently asked questions
Quick answers about Hydrogen sulfide, based on the data on this page
What is Hydrogen sulfide?
What is the CAS number of Hydrogen sulfide?
What is the molecular formula and weight of Hydrogen sulfide?
What is Hydrogen sulfide used for?
Is Hydrogen sulfide hazardous?
What is the HS code of Hydrogen sulfide?
Where can I buy Hydrogen sulfide?
Where can I buy Hydrogen sulfide in India?
What is the price of Hydrogen sulfide?
Guides for buyers
Practical guides that help when you source, ship or handle Hydrogen sulfide
- Guide, SafetyHow to read a safety data sheet in 10 minutesA section by section method to pull the essentials out of any 16 section SDS: identity, hazards, composition, storage, PPE, properties, transport and emergency measures.Read
- Guide, Trade and logisticsShipping dangerous goods: UN numbers, classes and packing groupsHow the UN dangerous goods system works for chemicals, from the nine classes and UN numbers to packing groups, UN packaging marks, labels, documents and segregation.Read
- Guide, SafetyGHS pictograms, signal words and hazard statements explainedA practical guide to the nine GHS pictograms, the signal words Danger and Warning, H and P statements, and how to read a chemical label in seconds.Read
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