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Peptides

Melittin

Also known as Honeybee melittin, Bee venom melittin, Gigavlkvlttglpaliswikrkrqq-nh2

CAS 37231-28-0Formula C131H229N39O31Molar mass 2,846.52 g/molEC 253-417-7
GHS signal word: Warning. Pictograms: Harmful or irritant 24 suppliers listed
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Melittin chemical structure, C131H229N39O31, CAS 37231-28-0
2D chemical structure

Key facts

What buyers check first

All properties
CAS number
37231-28-0
Formula
C131H229N39O31
Molar mass
2,846.52 g/mol
EC number
253-417-7
HS code
293399
Category
Peptides

What is Melittin?

Plain description, key identifiers and synonyms

Melittin is a 26-membered polypeptide consisting of Gly, Ile, Gly, Ala, Val, Leu, Lys, Val, Leu, Thr, Thr, Gly, Leu, Pro, Ala, Leu, Ile, Ser, Trp, Ile, Lys, Arg, Lys, Arg, Gln and Gln-NH2 residues joined in sequence. It is the principal active component of bee venom. It has a role as an antineoplastic agent, an EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor, a hepatoprotective agent, a neuroprotective agent, an apoptosis inducer, an animal metabolite and a venom. It is a peptidyl amide and a polypeptide.

Melittin is a pore-forming toxin in honey bees.

Identifiers

Registry numbers, names and line notations, tap to copy

IUPAC name
(2S)-2-[[(2S)-5-amino-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-6-amino-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-6-amino-2-[[(2S,3S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S,3S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-1-[(2S)-2-[[2-[[(2S,3R)-2-[[(2S,3R)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-6-amino-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[2-[[(2S,3S)-2-[(2-aminoacetyl)amino]-3-methylpentanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]propanoyl]amino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]hexanoyl]amino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxybutanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxybutanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]propanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoyl]amino]-3-methylpentanoyl]amino]hexanoyl]amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoyl]amino]hexanoyl]amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoyl]amino]pentanediamide
CAS number
37231-28-0 CAS number cross-checkedOther or deprecated CAS: 20449-79-0
EC number
253-417-7
Molecular formula
C131H229N39O31
UNII
24VT8NVE75
MDL number
MFCD00076868
InChIKey
VDXZNPDIRNWWCW-JFTDCZMZSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C131H229N39O31/c1-23-71(16)102(163-97(176)60-135)122(194)146-62-98(177)148-74(19)109(181)164-100(69(12)13)124(196)160-88(55-65(4)5)116(188)155-84(41-30-33-51-134)115(187)165-101(70(14)15)125(197)161-90(57-67(8)9)118(190)168-106(77(22)173)128(200)169-105(76(21)172)123(195)147-63-99(178)150-92(58-68(10)11)129(201)170-54-36-44-94(170)121(193)149-75(20)108(180)158-89(56-66(6)7)117(189)166-104(73(18)25-3)127(199)162-93(64-171)120(192)159-91(59-78-61-145-80-38-27-26-37-79(78)80)119(191)167-103(72(17)24-2)126(198)157-83(40-29-32-50-133)111(183)154-85(42-34-52-143-130(139)140)112(184)152-82(39-28-31-49-132)110(182)153-86(43-35-53-144-131(141)142)113(185)156-87(46-48-96(137)175)114(186)151-81(107(138)179)45-47-95(136)174/h26-27,37-38,61,65-77,81-94,100-106,145,171-173H,23-25,28-36,39-60,62-64,132-135H2,1-22H3,(H2,136,174)(H2,137,175)(H2,138,179)(H,146,194)(H,147,195)(H,148,177)(H,149,193)(H,150,178)(H,151,186)(H,152,184)(H,153,182)(H,154,183)(H,155,188)(H,156,185)(H,157,198)(H,158,180)(H,159,192)(H,160,196)(H,161,197)(H,162,199)(H,163,176)(H,164,181)(H,165,187)(H,166,189)(H,167,191)(H,168,190)(H,169,200)(H4,139,140,143)(H4,141,142,144)/t71-,72-,73-,74-,75-,76+,77+,81-,82-,83-,84-,85-,86-,87-,88-,89-,90-,91-,92-,93-,94-,100-,101-,102-,103-,104-,105-,106-/m0/s1
Canonical SMILES
CCC(C)C(NC(=O)CN)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(C)C(=O)NC(C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(C(=O)NC(C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)N1CCCC1C(=O)NC(C)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(Cc1c[nH]c2ccccc12)C(=O)NC(C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCNC(=N)N)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCNC(=N)N)C(=O)NC(CCC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CCC(N)=O)C(N)=O)C(C)CC)C(C)CC)C(C)O)C(C)O)C(C)C)C(C)C
Isomeric SMILES
CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC2=CNC3=CC=CC=C32)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(=N)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(=N)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)N)C(=O)N)NC(=O)CN

Synonyms

  • Honeybee melittin
  • Bee venom melittin
  • Gigavlkvlttglpaliswikrkrqq-nh2
  • Gly-Ile-Gly-Ala-Val-Leu-Lys-Val-Leu-Thr-Thr-Gly-Leu-Pro-Ala-Leu-Ile-Ser-Trp-Ile-Lys-Arg-Lys-Arg-Gln-Gln-NH2
  • Melittin (honeybee)
  • Forapine
  • Forapin
  • Melittin TFA
  • Melittin I
  • Melittin (major)
  • Melittin (apis cerana)
  • Bee venom powder
  • Melittin?
  • Melittin, 70%
  • Melittin - 95%
  • Melittin, >=97% (HPLC), synthetic
  • Melittin (GIGAVLKVLTTGLPALISWIKRKRQQ-amide)
  • Melittin from honey bee venom, >=65% (HPLC)
  • Melittin from honey bee venom, >=85% (HPLC)
  • Gly-L-Ile-Gly-L-Ala-L-Val-L-Leu-L-Lys-L-Val-L-Leu-L-Thr-L-Thr-Gly-L-Leu-L-Pro-L-Ala-L-Leu-L-Ile-L-Ser-L-Trp-L-Ile-L-Lys-L-Arg-L-Lys-L-Arg-L-Gln-L-Gln-NH2

Physical and chemical properties

Measured values and descriptors computed from the structure

Physical and chemical properties

Measured values, check the supplier specification for your grade

No measured properties are recorded for this substance yet. Ask suppliers for a technical data sheet.

Values vary by grade. Ask suppliers for the COA or TDS of the batch you buy.

Computed descriptors

Calculated from the structure, useful for screening and formulation

Molecular weight
2,846.52 g/molcalc.
Exact mass
2,844.7542 Dacalc.
LogP (octanol/water)
-9.08calc.
Topological polar surface area
1,152 Ųcalc.
Hydrogen bond donors
41calc.
Hydrogen bond acceptors
37calc.
Rotatable bonds
97calc.
Heavy atoms
201calc.
Rings
3calc.
Aromatic rings
2calc.
Fraction sp3 carbons
0.71calc.
Formal charge
0calc.
Stereocentres
28calc.
Lipinski rule of five
Fails (3 violations)calc.

Calculated for screening. Confirm critical figures with the supplier.

Murcko scaffold

The ring system that remains when every side chain is removed

Murcko scaffold of this chemical, O=C(CNC(=O)CNC(=O)CNC(=O)CNC(=O)C1CCCN1)NCCc1c[nH]c2ccccc12

O=C(CNC(=O)CNC(=O)CNC(=O)CNC(=O)C1CCCN1)NCCc1c[nH]c2ccccc12

3 rings, 35 atoms.

8 other chemicals share this scaffold

Safety and hazards

GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet

GHS signal word
Warning
GHS07: Harmful or irritant
Harmful or irritant

Hazard statements

  • H302Harmful if swallowed.
  • H312Harmful in contact with skin.
Precautionary statements (10)
  • P264Wash skin thoroughly after handling.
  • P270Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
  • P280Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, eye protection and face protection.
  • P301 + P317If swallowed: Get medical help.
  • P302 + P352If on skin: Wash with plenty of water.
  • P317Get medical help.
  • P321Specific treatment (see supplemental first aid instructions on the label).
  • P330Rinse mouth.
  • P362 + P364Take off contaminated clothing. And wash it before reuse.
  • P501Dispose of contents and container in accordance with local regulations.

GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet (SDS). Classifications can differ by supplier, grade and concentration. Always check the supplier's SDS.

Full safety data and first aid

Melittin suppliers

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Where suppliers are based

24 suppliers in 8 countries

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Melittin price

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Uses and applications

What the substance is used for, by industry and function

Roles

  • animal metabolite
  • antineoplastic agent
  • apoptosis inducer
  • enzyme inhibitor
  • eukaryotic metabolite
  • hepatoprotective agent
  • metabolite
  • neuroprotective agent
  • pharmaceutical
  • poison
  • protective agent
  • protein kinase inhibitor
  • toxin
  • venom

Regulatory status

Inventories, regulations and trade controls that list this substance

No regulatory list memberships are recorded for this substance yet. Always check the rules of the importing and exporting country before trade.

HS code and trade data

Customs classification and reported world trade statistics

Global trade

World import and export statistics for the HS code Melittin is traded under.

HS 2933.99Indicative HS code

Heterocyclic compounds with nitrogen hetero-atom(s) only, other

World exports in 2024
$12.1B
−31.0% vs 2023, imports $28.8B
2019 to 2024
Top exporters
  1. China30.5%
  2. India * partner reported16.3%
  3. Ireland9.0%
Top importers
  1. Slovenia31.7%
  2. Italy24.2%
  3. United States5.0%

* Partner reported figures, a lower bound.

Reported customs values in USD, not prices.Full trade data

The HS code shown for Melittin is indicative (it was assigned by structure rules). Confirm the classification with your customs broker before shipping.

Frequently asked questions

Quick answers about Melittin, based on the data on this page

What is Melittin?

Melittin is a 26-membered polypeptide consisting of Gly, Ile, Gly, Ala, Val, Leu, Lys, Val, Leu, Thr, Thr, Gly, Leu, Pro, Ala, Leu, Ile, Ser, Trp, Ile, Lys, Arg, Lys, Arg, Gln and Gln-NH2 residues joined in sequence. It is the principal active component of bee venom.

Is Melittin hazardous?

Melittin carries the GHS signal word "Warning". Main hazards: harmful if swallowed, harmful in contact with skin. This summary is not an SDS, always read the supplier safety data sheet.

Guides for buyers

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Data last updated 7 Oct 2026. Details may have changed, please confirm them with the supplier. Report an error on this page
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