Phosphoric acid
Also known as Orthophosphoric acid, o-Phosphoric acid, Wc-reiniger
Key facts
What buyers check first
- Appearance
- Unstable orthorhombic crystals or clear syrupy liquid
- Melting point
- 42.4 °C
- Boiling point
- 407 °C
- Density
- 1.9 g/cm³
- Solubility
- Soluble in water, alcohol, soluble in 8 volumes of 3:1 ether:alcohol mixture
- HS code
- 280920
- Category
- Inorganic acids
- UN number
- UN 3453
What is Phosphoric acid?
Plain description, key identifiers and synonyms
Phosphoric acid is a phosphorus oxoacid that consists of one oxo and three hydroxy groups joined covalently to a central phosphorus atom. It has a role as a NMR chemical shift reference compound, a fertilizer, a solvent, a human metabolite and an algal metabolite. It is a conjugate acid of a phosphate ion and a dihydrogenphosphate.
Identifiers
Registry numbers, names and line notations, tap to copy
- IUPAC name
- phosphoric acid
- CAS number
- 7664-38-2 CAS number cross-checkedOther or deprecated CAS: 14265-44-2, 62046-92-8
- EC numbers
- 231-633-2, 616-646-7
- Molecular formula
- H3O4P
- UNII
- E4GA8884NN
- MDL number
- MFCD00011340
- INCI name
- PHOSPHORIC ACID
- InChIKey
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/H3O4P/c1-5(2,3)4/h(H3,1,2,3,4)
- SMILES (canonical and isomeric)
- OP(=O)(O)O
Synonyms
- Orthophosphoric acid
- o-Phosphoric acid
- Wc-reiniger
- Acidum phosphoricum
- Sonac
- Phosphorsaeure
- Evits
- Acide phosphorique
- Phosphoricum acidum
- Acido fosforico
- Phosphorsaeureloesungen
- Fosforzuuroplossingen
- Vococid
- White phosphoric acid
- Amberphos 54
- INS NO.338
- Phosphoric acid (aqueous)
- Naturasil Acne
- Pre-Sept Activator
- Naturasil Bite Relief
- Phosphoricum acidum 6C
- Naturasil Cherry Angiomas
- Phosphoricum acidum 200C
- Phosphoricum Acidum Kit Refill
- Bestmade Natural Products Phos Acid
Show all 33 synonymsShow fewer synonyms
- hydron, phosphate
- ortho-phosphoric acid
- Phosphoric acid (NF)
- ortho-Phosphoric acid 85%
- Phosphoric acid, ortho-
- trihydroxidooxidophosphorus
- Phosphoric acid, ACS reagent, >=85 wt. % in H2O
- Ortophosphate
Physical and chemical properties
Measured values and descriptors computed from the structure
Physical and chemical properties
Measured values, check the supplier specification for your grade
| Appearance | Unstable orthorhombic crystals or clear syrupy liquidexp.Measured value |
|---|---|
| Odour | Odorlessexp.Measured value |
| Taste | Acid tasteexp.Measured value |
| Melting point | 42.4 °Cexp.Measured value |
| Boiling point | 407 °Cexp.Measured value |
| Density | 1.9 g/cm³exp.Measured value |
| Autoignition temperature | Not flammableexp.Measured value |
| Solubility | Soluble in water, alcohol, soluble in 8 volumes of 3:1 ether:alcohol mixtureexp.Measured value |
| Vapour pressure | VP: Concentration in wt%, kPa (all at 20 °C): 0, 2.35, 5, 2.33, 10, 2.31, 20, 2.27, 30, 2.17, 50, 1.73, 75, 0.75, 85, 0.29, 100, 0.004exp.Measured value |
Values vary by grade. Ask suppliers for the COA or TDS of the batch you buy.
Computed descriptors
Calculated from the structure, useful for screening and formulation
| Molecular weight | 97.99 g/molcalc.Computed value |
|---|---|
| Exact mass | 97.9769 Dacalc.Computed value |
| LogP (octanol/water) | -0.93calc.Computed value |
| Topological polar surface area | 77.76 Ųcalc.Computed value |
| Hydrogen bond donors | 3calc.Computed value |
| Hydrogen bond acceptors | 1calc.Computed value |
| Rotatable bonds | 0calc.Computed value |
| Heavy atoms | 5calc.Computed value |
| Rings | 0calc.Computed value |
| Aromatic rings | 0calc.Computed value |
| Fraction sp3 carbons | 0calc.Computed value |
| Formal charge | 0calc.Computed value |
| Stereocentres | 0calc.Computed value |
Calculated for screening. Confirm critical figures with the supplier.
Safety and hazards
GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet
Hazard statements
- H314Causes severe skin burns and eye damage.
Precautionary statements (12)
- P260Do not breathe dust, fume, gas, mist, vapours or spray.
- P264Wash skin thoroughly after handling.
- P280Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, eye protection and face protection.
- P301 + P330 + P331If swallowed: Rinse mouth. Do not induce vomiting.
- P302 + P361 + P354If on skin: Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Immediately rinse with water for several minutes.
- P304 + P340If inhaled: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing.
- P305 + P354 + P338If in eyes: Immediately rinse with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
- P316Get emergency medical help immediately.
- P321Specific treatment (see supplemental first aid instructions on the label).
- P363Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
- P405Store locked up.
- P501Dispose of contents and container in accordance with local regulations.
- UN number
- UN 3453
- Transport hazard class
- 8
- Packing group
- III
GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet (SDS). Classifications can differ by supplier, grade and concentration. Always check the supplier's SDS.
Full safety data and first aidPhosphoric acid suppliers
Sponsored listings first, then the documented ranking: membership, verification, replies, completeness, freshness and ratings
- India, MumbaiUnclaimed profilePhosphoric AcidGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- United States, ColumbusUnclaimed profilePhosphoric AcidGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- United States, WayneUnclaimed profilePhosphoric AcidGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- United States, TaylorUnclaimed profilePhosphoric AcidGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- France, CourbevoieUnclaimed profilePhosphoric AcidGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- Belgium, AntwerpenUnclaimed profilePhosphoric AcidGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- Poland, Gliwice ManufacturerUnclaimed profileOrthophosphoric acidGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- United StatesUnclaimed profilePhosphoric AcidGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- United StatesUnclaimed profilePhosphoric AcidGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- India, Ahmedabad ManufacturerUnclaimed profilePhosphoric AcidGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
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Where suppliers are based
933 suppliers in 76 countries
- India233
- United States143
- China120
- United Kingdom26
- Turkey25
- Canada22
- and 70 more countries
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Phosphoric acid price
Indicative price range per kg from live supplier offers
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Uses and applications
What the substance is used for, by industry and function
Polymer gasoline catalyst, etchant (semiconductor manufacture), acidulant (soft drinks, prepared foods), aluminum brightening/anodizing agent, aluminum/steel/magnesium/zinc anticorrosion treatment reagent, microbial fermentation nutrient, refractories raw material.
In the manufacture of superphosphates for fertilizers, other phosphate salts, polyphosphates, detergents. Acid catalyst in making ethylene, purifying hydrogen peroxide. As acidulant and flavor, synergistic antioxidant and sequestrant in food. Pharmaceutic aid (solvent).
Read more
In dental cements, process engraving, rustproofing of metals before painting, coagulating rubber latex, as analytical reagent.
In gelatin manufacture, in lakes in cotton dyeing, soil stabilizer, waxes and polishes, binder for ceramics, activated carbon.
Industrial uses: Processing aids not otherwise specified, Semiconductor and photovoltaic agent, Abrasives, Plating agent, Antioxidant, pH regulating agent, Heat transferring agent, Bleaching agent.
Consumer uses: Binder, Other, Lubricating agent, Solvent, Polymerization promoter, Anti-freeze agent, Flavoring and nutrient, Anti-adhesive/cohesive.
Use classes: Oxidants and Oxidant Stabilizers, Safer Chemical Classes, Food additives, Cosmetics.
Industries and functions
Cosmetic ingredient, INCI name PHOSPHORIC ACID(buffering)
Pharmacological actions
- Dental Materials
Roles
- NMR chemical shift reference compound
- agrochemical
- algal metabolite
- animal metabolite
- eukaryotic metabolite
- fertilizer
- human metabolite
- mammalian metabolite
- metabolite
- reference compound
- solvent
Functional uses
- Biocide
- Bleaching agent
- Chelating agent
- Cleaning agent
- Conductive agent
- Corrosion inhibitor
- Dispersing agent
- Etching agent
- Flavouring and nutrient
- Flux agent
- Soil amendments
- pH regulating agent
Cosmetic functions
- Buffering
Pharmacology
Phosphoric Acid is a colorless, odorless phosphorus-containing inorganic acid. Phosphoric acid is a sequestering agent which binds many divalent cations, including Fe++, Cu++, Ca++, and Mg++. Phosphoric acid is used in dentistry and orthodontics as an etching solution, to clean and roughen the surfaces of teeth where dental appliances or fillings will be placed. In addition, phosphoric acid is a constituent in bone and teeth, and plays a role in many metabolic processes.
How it is made
Phosphorus is converted to phosphorus pentoxide P2O5 by exposing it to a current of warm air, then the P2O5 is treated with water to form phosphoric acid. The conversion of the phosphorus to the pentoxide takes place while the phosphorus, distilling from the phosphorus manufacturing operation, is in the vapor phase.
Wet-process acid is manufactured by the digestion of phosphate rock (calcium phosphate) with sulfuric acid. Other acids such as hydrochloric acid may be used, but the sulfuric acid-based processes are by far the most prevalent.
Read more
Phosphoric acid is separated from the resultant calcium sulfate slurry by filtration.
Wet phosphoric acid produced by wet digestion contains variable amounts of inorganic impurities, depending on the origin of the phosphate rock. Depending on the further application, these impurities must be partially or completely removed from crude phosphoric acid. Precipitation and extraction processes are used.
Regulatory status
Inventories, regulations and trade controls that list this substance
Europe
- EU harmonised classification (CLP Annex VI)Index no: 015-011-00-6
Health and food
- EU cosmetic ingredient inventory
- Active ingredient in FDA approved drug labels
- Food additive
United States
- Safer Choice ingredient list (USA)
- TSCA inventory (USA)Status: Active in US commerce
HS code and trade data
Customs classification and reported world trade statistics
Global trade
World import and export statistics for the HS code Phosphoric acid is traded under.
Phosphoric acid and polyphosphoric acids
- Pakistan11.4%
- United States8.8%
- India * partner reported7.9%
* Partner reported figures, a lower bound.
The HS code shown for Phosphoric acid is indicative (it was matched by name in the HS nomenclature). Confirm the classification with your customs broker before shipping.
Related chemicals
Parent and salt forms, stereoisomers, similar structures and isomers
Stereoisomers and isotopic forms
Same connectivity, different stereochemistry or isotopes (same InChIKey skeleton)
Similar structures
Nearest neighbours by Morgan fingerprint Tanimoto similarity
Same formula isomers
Different compounds that share this molecular formula
Frequently asked questions
Quick answers about Phosphoric acid, based on the data on this page
What is Phosphoric acid?
What is the CAS number of Phosphoric acid?
What is the molecular formula and weight of Phosphoric acid?
What is Phosphoric acid used for?
Is Phosphoric acid hazardous?
What is the HS code of Phosphoric acid?
Where can I buy Phosphoric acid?
Where can I buy Phosphoric acid in India?
What is the price of Phosphoric acid?
Guides for buyers
Practical guides that help when you source, ship or handle Phosphoric acid
- Guide, SafetyHow to read a safety data sheet in 10 minutesA section by section method to pull the essentials out of any 16 section SDS: identity, hazards, composition, storage, PPE, properties, transport and emergency measures.Read
- Guide, Trade and logisticsShipping dangerous goods: UN numbers, classes and packing groupsHow the UN dangerous goods system works for chemicals, from the nine classes and UN numbers to packing groups, UN packaging marks, labels, documents and segregation.Read
- Guide, SafetyGHS pictograms, signal words and hazard statements explainedA practical guide to the nine GHS pictograms, the signal words Danger and Warning, H and P statements, and how to read a chemical label in seconds.Read
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