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Metals, alloys and elements

Phosphorus

Also known as Phosphorus 6, Phosphorus 8, Phosphorus 6C

CAS 7723-14-0Formula PMolar mass 30.97 g/molEC 231-768-7
GHS signal word: Danger. Pictograms: Flammable 30 suppliers listed Drug substance
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Element with atomic number and standard atomic weight

Key facts

What buyers check first

All properties
Appearance
Exists in three main allotropic forms: white, black, and red. The same liquid is obtaine…
Melting point
44.1 °C
Boiling point
280 °C
Density
1.74 g/cm³ at 50 °C (liquid)
Solubility
Black: Insoluble in organic solvents, White: Insoluble in water, slightly soluble in ben…
HS code
280470
Category
Metals, alloys and elements
UN number
UN 1381
Illustrative photo, assorted laboratory chemical bottles and jars on a laboratory bench
Typical packagingIllustrative packaging image, not the actual product

What is Phosphorus?

Plain description, key identifiers and synonyms

Phosphorus is an element with atomic symbol P, atomic number 15, and atomic weight 30.97.

Identifiers

Registry numbers, names and line notations, tap to copy

IUPAC name
phosphane
CAS number
7723-14-0 CAS number cross-checkedOther or deprecated CAS: 12185-10-3
EC number
231-768-7
Molecular formula
P
UNII
27YLU75U4W
INCI name
PHOSPHORUS
InChIKey
OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/P
SMILES (canonical and isomeric)
[P]

Synonyms

  • Phosphorus 6
  • Phosphorus 8
  • Phosphorus 6C
  • Phosphorus 30
  • Phosphorus 30C
  • Phosphorus 30X
  • Phosphorus 31
  • Cough Sore Throat
  • Phosphorus 200C
  • Phosphorus 200ck
  • Phosphorous (NOS)
  • Phosphorus 7130
  • Phosphorus 30 Special Order
  • Bestmade Natural Products Phosphorus
  • Amgard CPC
  • Amgard CPC 405
  • Exolit 385
  • Exolit 405
  • Exolit LPKN 275
  • Hishigado
  • Hishigado AP
  • Hishigado CP
  • Hishigado NP 10
  • Hostaflam RP 602
  • Hostaflam RP 614
Show all 39 synonyms
  • Hostaflam RP 622
  • Hostaflam RP 654
  • Nova Sol R 20
  • Novaexcel 140
  • Novaexcel 150
  • Novaexcel F 5
  • Novaexcel ST 100
  • Novaexcel ST 140
  • Novared 120UF
  • Novared 120UFA
  • Novared 120VFA
  • Novared 280
  • Novared C 120
  • Phosphorous

Physical and chemical properties

Measured values and descriptors computed from the structure

Physical and chemical properties

Measured values, check the supplier specification for your grade

Appearance
Exists in three main allotropic forms: white, black, and red. The same liquid is obtained from all forms on meltingexp.
Odour
Garlic-likeexp.
Melting point
44.1 °Cexp.
Boiling point
280 °Cexp.
Density
1.74 g/cm³ at 50 °C (liquid)exp.
Autoignition temperature
260 °Cexp.
Solubility
Black: Insoluble in organic solvents, White: Insoluble in water, slightly soluble in benzene, ethanol, and chloroform, soluble in carbon disulfide, Red: Insoluble in water and organic solvents.exp.
Vapour pressure
0.026 mm Hg at 20 °Cexp.

Values vary by grade. Ask suppliers for the COA or TDS of the batch you buy.

Computed descriptors

Calculated from the structure, useful for screening and formulation

Molecular weight
30.97 g/molcalc.
Exact mass
30.9738 Dacalc.
LogP (octanol/water)
0.86calc.
Topological polar surface area
0 Ųcalc.
Hydrogen bond donors
0calc.
Hydrogen bond acceptors
0calc.
Rotatable bonds
0calc.
Heavy atoms
1calc.
Rings
0calc.
Aromatic rings
0calc.
Fraction sp3 carbons
0calc.
Formal charge
0calc.
Stereocentres
0calc.

Calculated for screening. Confirm critical figures with the supplier.

Safety and hazards

GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet

GHS signal word
Danger
GHS02: Flammable
Flammable

Hazard statements

  • H228Flammable solid.
  • H412Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects.
Precautionary statements (7)
  • P210Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking.
  • P240Ground and bond container and receiving equipment.
  • P241Use explosion-proof electrical, ventilating and lighting equipment.
  • P273Avoid release to the environment.
  • P280Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, eye protection and face protection.
  • P370 + P378In case of fire: Use appropriate media to extinguish.
  • P501Dispose of contents and container in accordance with local regulations.
UN number
UN 1381
Transport hazard class
4.2
Packing group
I

GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet (SDS). Classifications can differ by supplier, grade and concentration. Always check the supplier's SDS.

Full safety data and first aid

Phosphorus suppliers

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All 30 suppliers
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Where suppliers are based

30 suppliers in 10 countries

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Phosphorus price

Indicative price range per kg from live supplier offers

No published prices right now

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Uses and applications

What the substance is used for, by industry and function

The active ingredient is no longer contained in any registered pesticide products ... "cancelled.".

White phosphorus has been used as insecticide in pastes made by grinding yellow phosphorus in presence of water and mixing with flour. Phosphorus paste was used to control American cockroach, also as rat poison.

Most (85%) of the elemental phosphorus is converted to phosphoric acid which is used directly or converted to phosphate compounds. Final applications include home laundry and automatic dishwasher detergents, industrial and institutional cleaners, food and beverages, metal cleaning and treatment, potable water and wastewater treatment, antifreeze and electronics.

Read more

The remaining elemental phosphorus (15%) is used in P4-dependent applications which require the element as a direct reactant (P2S5, PCl3, POCl3, P2O5, and hypophosphite with smaller amounts leading to PH3, red phosphorus, phosphonates and other derivatives). Final applications include flame retardants, lubricant additives, insecticides, herbicides, water treatment, cleaning compounds, plasticizers, semiconductors, and surfactants.

White phosphorus is a toxic substance produced from phosphate-containing rocks. Industries use white phosphorus to manufacture chemicals used in fertilizers, food additives, and cleaning compounds. In the past, it was used as a pesticide and in fireworks. The military uses white phosphorus in various types of ammunition as an incendiary agent, because it spontaneously catches fire in air. They also use it as a smoke agent, because it produces clouds of irritating white smoke. It has a match-like or garlic-like, acrid odor, but do not depend on odor for detection of white phosphorus.

Cosmetic ingredient, INCI name PHOSPHORUS(not reported)

Roles

  • food component
  • macronutrient
  • nutrient
  • physiological role

Functional uses

  • Alloying element
  • Antioxidant
  • Flame retardant

Cosmetic functions

  • Not reported

How it is made

White phosphorus: (1) Produced in an electric furnace from phosphate rock, sand, and coke. The phosphorus vapor is driven off and condensed under water. (2) By reaction of phosphate rock with sulfuric acid, the resulting calcium sulfate being removed by filtration and the phosphoric acid concentrated by evaporation (wet process).

Red phosphorus is produced by heating white crystalline phosphorus to about 400 °C under an atmosphere of an oxygen-free inert gas, such as nitrogen or argon.

Black phosphorus: Produced from the white modification under high pressures.

Regulatory status

Inventories, regulations and trade controls that list this substance

Europe

  • EU harmonised classification (CLP Annex VI)
    Index no: 015-002-00-7

Health and food

  • EU cosmetic ingredient inventory
  • EU Cosmetics Regulation Annex II, prohibited in cosmetics
    Name: Phosphorus and metalphosphides, Ref no: 279, Annex ref: II/279
  • Active ingredient in FDA approved drug labels

United States

  • TSCA inventory (USA)
    Status: Active in US commerce

HS code and trade data

Customs classification and reported world trade statistics

Global trade

World import and export statistics for the HS code Phosphorus is traded under.

HS 2804.70Exact HS code

Phosphorus

World exports in 2024
$537M
−12.2% vs 2023, imports $534M
2019 to 2024
Top exporters
  1. Vietnam * partner reported44.1%
  2. Kazakhstan * partner reported32.5%
  3. United States13.8%
Top importers
  1. Japan17.1%
  2. Germany17.1%
  3. South Korea13.2%

* Partner reported figures, a lower bound.

Reported customs values in USD, not prices.Full trade data

The HS code shown for Phosphorus is indicative (it was matched by name in the HS nomenclature). Confirm the classification with your customs broker before shipping.

Frequently asked questions

Quick answers about Phosphorus, based on the data on this page

What is Phosphorus?

Phosphorus is an element with atomic symbol P, atomic number 15, and atomic weight 30.97.

What is the CAS number of Phosphorus?

The CAS registry number of Phosphorus is 7723-14-0. Other or deprecated CAS numbers: 12185-10-3.

What is the molecular formula and weight of Phosphorus?

The molecular formula of Phosphorus is P and its molar mass is 30.97 g/mol.

What is Phosphorus used for?

The active ingredient is no longer contained in any registered pesticide products ... "cancelled.". White phosphorus has been used as insecticide in pastes made by grinding yellow phosphorus in presence of water and mixing with flour. Phosphorus paste was used to control American cockroach, also as rat poison.

Is Phosphorus hazardous?

Phosphorus carries the GHS signal word "Danger". Main hazards: flammable solid, harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects. This summary is not an SDS, always read the supplier safety data sheet.

What is the HS code of Phosphorus?

Phosphorus is usually classified under HS code 280470 (Phosphorus). This is indicative, confirm it with your customs broker before shipping.

Where can I buy Phosphorus?

CompoundList lists 30 suppliers of Phosphorus in United States, China, Canada, India and 6 more. Send one free request to get and compare quotes. Your contact details stay private until you accept a quote.

Where can I buy Phosphorus in India?

3 suppliers in India list Phosphorus on CompoundList. Filter the suppliers list by country and send a request to compare prices, grades and delivery times.

What is the price of Phosphorus?

Suppliers quote Phosphorus on request because prices depend on grade, purity, quantity and destination. A free request on CompoundList gets you several quotes to compare.

Guides for buyers

Practical guides that help when you source, ship or handle Phosphorus

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Data last updated 7 Oct 2026. Details may have changed, please confirm them with the supplier. Report an error on this page
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