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Fluorescent dyes and stains

Pyrene

Also known as Benzo[def]phenanthrene, Pyren, beta-Pyrene

CAS 129-00-0Formula C16H10Molar mass 202.26 g/molEC 204-927-3
GHS signal word: Warning. Pictograms: Harmful or irritant, Hazardous to the environment 92 suppliers listed
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Pyrene chemical structure, C16H10, CAS 129-00-0
2D chemical structure

Key facts

What buyers check first

All properties
Appearance
Monoclinic prismatic tablets from alcohol or by sublimation, pure pyrene is colorless
Melting point
150.6 °C
Boiling point
394 °C
Density
1.271 g/cm³ at 23 °C
Flash point
>200
HS code
290290
Category
Fluorescent dyes and stains
Illustrative photo, colourless crystals beside a jumbo bulk bag in a chemical plant
Typical packagingIllustrative packaging image, not the actual product

What is Pyrene?

Plain description, key identifiers and synonyms

Pyrene is an ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of four fused benzene rings, resulting in a flat aromatic system. It has a role as a fluorescent probe and a persistent organic pollutant.

Identifiers

Registry numbers, names and line notations, tap to copy

IUPAC name
pyrene
CAS number
129-00-0 CAS number cross-checkedOther or deprecated CAS: 1346601-04-4
EC number
204-927-3
Molecular formula
C16H10
UNII
9E0T7WFW93
MDL number
MFCD00004136
InChIKey
BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C16H10/c1-3-11-7-9-13-5-2-6-14-10-8-12(4-1)15(11)16(13)14/h1-10H
SMILES (canonical and isomeric)
C1=CC2=C3C(=C1)C=CC4=CC=CC(=C43)C=C2

Synonyms

  • Benzo[def]phenanthrene
  • Pyren
  • beta-Pyrene
  • Benzo(def)phenanthrene
  • benzo(d,e,f)phenanthrene
  • PYRENE (purity)
  • Pyrene-13C6
  • Coal tar pitch volatiles:pyrene
  • Pyrene[def]phenanthrene
  • Pyrene, Benzo[def]phenanthrene, NSC 17534, NSC 66449
  • Pyrene, Powder
  • Coal tar pitch volatiles: pyrene
  • Pyren(GERMAN)
  • Pyrene, 98%
  • Pyrene, reag
  • Pyrene standard solution
  • {Benzo[def]phenanthrene}
  • Pyrene, analytical standard
  • Pyrene, crystalline, 95%
  • Pyrene (ACD/Name 4.0)
  • Pyrene, sublimed grade, 99%
  • Pyrene (purified by sublimation)
  • Pyrene 10 |Ig/mL in Cyclohexane
  • Pyrene 10 |Ig/mL in Acetonitrile
  • Pyrene 10 microg/mL in Cyclohexane
Show all 30 synonyms
  • Pyrene 10 microg/mL in Acetonitrile
  • Pyrene 100 |Ig/mL in Acetonitrile
  • Pyrene 100 microg/mL in Acetonitrile
  • PAH Mix 525 100 |Ig/mL in Acetone
  • Pyrene, BCR(R) certified Reference Material

Physical and chemical properties

Measured values and descriptors computed from the structure

Physical and chemical properties

Measured values, check the supplier specification for your grade

Appearance
Monoclinic prismatic tablets from alcohol or by sublimation, pure pyrene is colorlessexp.
Melting point
150.6 °Cexp.
Boiling point
394 °Cexp.
Density
1.271 g/cm³ at 23 °Cexp.
Flash point
>200exp.
Solubility
In water, 0.135 mg/L at 25 °Cexp.
Vapour pressure
4.5 × 10⁻⁶ mm Hg at 25 °Cexp.

Values vary by grade. Ask suppliers for the COA or TDS of the batch you buy.

Computed descriptors

Calculated from the structure, useful for screening and formulation

Molecular weight
202.26 g/molcalc.
Exact mass
202.0783 Dacalc.
LogP (octanol/water)
4.58calc.
Topological polar surface area
0 Ųcalc.
Hydrogen bond donors
0calc.
Hydrogen bond acceptors
0calc.
Rotatable bonds
0calc.
Heavy atoms
16calc.
Rings
4calc.
Aromatic rings
4calc.
Fraction sp3 carbons
0calc.
Formal charge
0calc.
Stereocentres
0calc.
Lipinski rule of five
Passes (0 violations)calc.

Calculated for screening. Confirm critical figures with the supplier.

Murcko scaffold

The ring system that remains when every side chain is removed

Murcko scaffold of this chemical, c1cc2ccc3cccc4ccc(c1)c2c34

c1cc2ccc3cccc4ccc(c1)c2c34

4 rings, 16 atoms. This chemical is the scaffold itself.

630 other chemicals share this scaffold

Safety and hazards

GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet

GHS signal word
Warning
GHS07: Harmful or irritant
Harmful or irritant
GHS09: Hazardous to the environment
Hazardous to the environment

Hazard statements

  • H315Causes skin irritation.
  • H319Causes serious eye irritation.
  • H335May cause respiratory irritation.
  • H400Very toxic to aquatic life.
  • H410Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects.
Precautionary statements (18)
  • P261Avoid breathing dust, fume, gas, mist, vapours or spray.
  • P264Wash skin thoroughly after handling.
  • P264 + P265Wash skin thoroughly after handling. Do not touch eyes.
  • P271Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
  • P273Avoid release to the environment.
  • P280Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, eye protection and face protection.
  • P302 + P352If on skin: Wash with plenty of water.
  • P304 + P340If inhaled: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing.
  • P305 + P351 + P338If in eyes: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
  • P319Get medical help if you feel unwell.
  • P321Specific treatment (see supplemental first aid instructions on the label).
  • P332 + P317If skin irritation occurs: Get medical help.
  • P337 + P317If eye irritation persists: Get medical help.
  • P362 + P364Take off contaminated clothing. And wash it before reuse.
  • P391Collect spillage.
  • P403 + P233Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
  • P405Store locked up.
  • P501Dispose of contents and container in accordance with local regulations.

GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet (SDS). Classifications can differ by supplier, grade and concentration. Always check the supplier's SDS.

Full safety data and first aid

Pyrene suppliers

Sponsored listings first, then the documented ranking: membership, verification, replies, completeness, freshness and ratings

All 92 suppliers
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Where suppliers are based

92 suppliers in 15 countries

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Pyrene price

Indicative price range per kg from live supplier offers

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Uses and applications

What the substance is used for, by industry and function

Optical brighteners can be synthesized by reaction of pyrene with a complex of cyanuric chloride and aluminum chloride.

By analogy to fluoranthene, pyrene and alkylpyrenes can be used as additives in electro-insulating oils as well as in epoxy resins for electrical insulation.

Pyrene from coal-tar has been used as a starting material for the synthesis of benzo(a)pyrene.

Pyrene itself can serve as an electron donor to enhance the blackness in pencil leads.

Biochemical research.

Industrial uses: Preservative, Corrosion inhibitor.

Pharmacological actions

  • Fluorescent Dyes

Roles

  • environmental contaminant
  • fluorescent probe
  • persistent organic pollutant
  • probe

Pharmacology

Pyrene is a parent class of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons containing four fused rings. (IUPAC 1998)

How it is made

Pyrene is found in products of incomplete combustion, fossil fuels, and high-temperature coal tar fractions, which on average contain ca. 2% pyrene. It is recovered from a fraction crystallizing above 110 °C, which is obtained by redistillation of the high-boiling anthracene oil II or pitch distillate. Pure pyrene is produced by recrystallization, e.g., from solvent naphtha or by fractional crystallization from the melt, followed by dephenolation and debasing, and by refining with 80% sulfuric acid.

Read more

Alternatively, pyrene-accompanying brasane (2, 3-benzodiphenylene oxide) can be separated by recrystallization from xylene in the presence of iron(III) chloride. Traces of tetracene are removed by reaction with maleic anhydride.

Obtained by the destructive hydrogenation of hard coal.

Pyrene can be synthesized via bromination of o,o'-ditolyl. The resulting intermediate is transformed into its corresponding dicarboxylic acid via dinitrile intermediates. Cyclization takes place in the presence of zinc dust. An alternative route to pyrene is the reaction of peri-trimethylenenapthalene with malonyl chloride and AlCl3. It is also accessible via the Reformatsky reaction of 4-keto-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrophenanthrene

Regulatory status

Inventories, regulations and trade controls that list this substance

United States

  • TSCA inventory (USA)
    Status: Active in US commerce

HS code and trade data

Customs classification and reported world trade statistics

Global trade

World import and export statistics for the HS code Pyrene is traded under.

HS 2902.90Indicative HS code

Cyclic hydrocarbons, other

World exports in 2024
$612M
−6.1% vs 2023, imports $670M
2019 to 2024
Top exporters
  1. China28.0%
  2. Germany13.9%
  3. India * partner reported12.6%
Top importers
  1. Germany11.1%
  2. United States10.6%
  3. South Korea8.3%

* Partner reported figures, a lower bound.

Reported customs values in USD, not prices.Full trade data

The HS code shown for Pyrene is indicative (it was assigned by structure rules). Confirm the classification with your customs broker before shipping.

Frequently asked questions

Quick answers about Pyrene, based on the data on this page

What is Pyrene?

Pyrene is an ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of four fused benzene rings, resulting in a flat aromatic system. It has a role as a fluorescent probe and a persistent organic pollutant.

What is the CAS number of Pyrene?

The CAS registry number of Pyrene is 129-00-0. Other or deprecated CAS numbers: 1346601-04-4.

What is the molecular formula and weight of Pyrene?

The molecular formula of Pyrene is C16H10 and its molar mass is 202.26 g/mol.

What is Pyrene used for?

Optical brighteners can be synthesized by reaction of pyrene with a complex of cyanuric chloride and aluminum chloride. By analogy to fluoranthene, pyrene and alkylpyrenes can be used as additives in electro-insulating oils as well as in epoxy resins for electrical insulation.

Is Pyrene hazardous?

Pyrene carries the GHS signal word "Warning". Main hazards: causes skin irritation, causes serious eye irritation, may cause respiratory irritation. This summary is not an SDS, always read the supplier safety data sheet.

What is the HS code of Pyrene?

Pyrene is usually classified under HS code 290290 (Cyclic hydrocarbons, other). This is indicative, confirm it with your customs broker before shipping.

Where can I buy Pyrene?

CompoundList lists 92 suppliers of Pyrene in China, United States, United Kingdom, Germany and 11 more. Send one free request to get and compare quotes. Your contact details stay private until you accept a quote.

Where can I buy Pyrene in India?

1 supplier in India list Pyrene on CompoundList. Filter the suppliers list by country and send a request to compare prices, grades and delivery times.

What is the price of Pyrene?

Suppliers quote Pyrene on request because prices depend on grade, purity, quantity and destination. A free request on CompoundList gets you several quotes to compare.

Guides for buyers

Practical guides that help when you source, ship or handle Pyrene

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Data last updated 7 Oct 2026. Details may have changed, please confirm them with the supplier. Report an error on this page
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