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Silicates, borates and other salts

Sodium hypochlorite

Also known as Antiformin, Clorox, Sodium oxychloride

CAS 7681-52-9Formula ClNaOMolar mass 74.44 g/molEC 231-668-3
GHS signal word: Danger. Pictograms: Corrosive, Hazardous to the environment 555 suppliers listed Drug substance
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Sodium hypochlorite chemical structure, ClNaO, CAS 7681-52-9
2D chemical structure

Key facts

What buyers check first

All properties
Appearance
Greenish yellow liquid
Melting point
18 °C
Boiling point
111 °C
Density
Relative density (water = 1): 1.1 (5.5% aqueous solution)
Solubility
29.3 g/100 g (0 °C) in water
HS code
282890
Category
Silicates, borates and other salts
UN number
UN 1791
Illustrative photo, pale yellow liquid in sealed glass ampoules on a laboratory bench
Typical packagingIllustrative packaging image, not the actual product

What is Sodium hypochlorite?

Plain description, key identifiers and synonyms

Sodium hypochlorite is an inorganic sodium salt in which hypochlorite is the counterion. It is used as a bleaching and disinfecting agent and is commonly found in household bleach. It has a role as a bleaching agent and a disinfectant. It contains a hypochlorite.

Identifiers

Registry numbers, names and line notations, tap to copy

IUPAC name
sodium hypochlorite
CAS number
7681-52-9 CAS number cross-checked
EC number
231-668-3
Molecular formula
ClNaO
UNII
DY38VHM5OD
MDL number
MFCD00011120
INCI name
SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE
InChIKey
SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/ClO.Na/c1-2;/q-1;+1
SMILES (canonical and isomeric)
[O-]Cl.[Na+]

Synonyms

  • Antiformin
  • Clorox
  • Sodium oxychloride
  • Hypochlorous acid, sodium salt
  • Household bleach
  • Chlorox
  • Javex
  • Javelle water
  • Hypochlorite sodium
  • Youxiaolin
  • Chloros
  • Cloralex
  • Cloropool
  • Dispatch
  • Hyclorite
  • Klorocin
  • Parozone
  • Surchlor
  • Deosan
  • Hypure
  • Milton
  • Hospital Milton
  • Milton Crystals
  • Neo-cleaner
  • Neoseptal CL
Show all 39 synonyms
  • Hypure N
  • Purin B
  • B-K liquid
  • Hyposan and Voxsan
  • Clorox liquid bleach
  • Sunnysol 150
  • Dakins quarter
  • Dakins half
  • Di-Dak-Sol
  • Texant
  • Sodium hypochlorite (NaClO)
  • Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl)
  • Deosan Green Label Steriliser
  • NaClO

Physical and chemical properties

Measured values and descriptors computed from the structure

Physical and chemical properties

Measured values, check the supplier specification for your grade

Appearance
Greenish yellow liquidexp.
Odour
Disagreeable, sweetish odorexp.
Melting point
18 °Cexp.
Boiling point
111 °Cexp.
Density
Relative density (water = 1): 1.1 (5.5% aqueous solution)exp.
Solubility
29.3 g/100 g (0 °C) in waterexp.
Vapour pressure
Vapor pressure, kPa at 20 °C: 2 - 2.5exp.

Values vary by grade. Ask suppliers for the COA or TDS of the batch you buy.

Computed descriptors

Calculated from the structure, useful for screening and formulation

Molecular weight
74.44 g/molcalc.
Exact mass
73.9535 Dacalc.
LogP (octanol/water)
-3.5calc.
Topological polar surface area
23.06 Ųcalc.
Hydrogen bond donors
0calc.
Hydrogen bond acceptors
1calc.
Rotatable bonds
0calc.
Heavy atoms
3calc.
Rings
0calc.
Aromatic rings
0calc.
Fraction sp3 carbons
0calc.
Formal charge
0calc.
Stereocentres
0calc.
Components
2calc.

Calculated for screening. Confirm critical figures with the supplier.

Safety and hazards

GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet

GHS signal word
Danger
GHS05: Corrosive
Corrosive
GHS09: Hazardous to the environment
Hazardous to the environment

Hazard statements

  • H314Causes severe skin burns and eye damage.
  • H318Causes serious eye damage.
  • H400Very toxic to aquatic life.
  • H410Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects.
Precautionary statements (16)
  • P260Do not breathe dust, fume, gas, mist, vapours or spray.
  • P264Wash skin thoroughly after handling.
  • P264 + P265Wash skin thoroughly after handling. Do not touch eyes.
  • P273Avoid release to the environment.
  • P280Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, eye protection and face protection.
  • P301 + P330 + P331If swallowed: Rinse mouth. Do not induce vomiting.
  • P302 + P361 + P354If on skin: Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Immediately rinse with water for several minutes.
  • P304 + P340If inhaled: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing.
  • P305 + P354 + P338If in eyes: Immediately rinse with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
  • P316Get emergency medical help immediately.
  • P317Get medical help.
  • P321Specific treatment (see supplemental first aid instructions on the label).
  • P363Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
  • P391Collect spillage.
  • P405Store locked up.
  • P501Dispose of contents and container in accordance with local regulations.
UN number
UN 1791
Transport hazard class
8
Packing group
II

GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet (SDS). Classifications can differ by supplier, grade and concentration. Always check the supplier's SDS.

Full safety data and first aid

Sodium hypochlorite suppliers

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Sodium hypochlorite price

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Uses and applications

What the substance is used for, by industry and function

Bleaching agent, household & laundry bleaching agent, bleaching agent in paper, pulp, textile indust, disinfectant for glass, ceramics & water, algicide & molluscicide in cooling water for power stations, bleach in alpha-olefin sulfonate production, reactant in hydrazine manufacture.

In dairies for disinfecting utensils and apparatus. (Sodium hypochlorite soln).

Anti-infective (topical) (sodium hypochlorite soln).

Industrial uses: pH regulating agent, Bleaching agent, Other, Anti-scaling agent, Intermediate, Processing aids, specific to petroleum production, Oxidizing agent, Cleaning agent.

Consumer uses: Other, Bleaching agent, pH regulating agent, Soil amendments (fertilizers), Sealant (barrier), Brightener, Cleaning agent.

Cosmetic ingredient, INCI name SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE(oxidising)

Pharmacological actions

  • Disinfectants
  • Oxidants

Roles

  • analgesic
  • anti-inflammatory agent
  • antiinfective agent
  • antimicrobial agent
  • bleaching agent
  • dermatologic drug
  • disinfectant
  • pharmaceutical
  • reagent

Functional uses

  • Anti-scaling agent
  • Biocide
  • Bleaching agent
  • Brightener
  • Cleaning agent
  • Filler
  • Food preservative
  • Oxidizing agent
  • Processing aids not otherwise specified

Cosmetic functions

  • Oxidising

Pharmacology

Sodium Hypochlorite is a chlorine compound often used as a disinfectant or a bleaching agent. Sodium hypochlorite in 0.5% w/v solution is called Dakin's solution, and is used as an antiseptic to clean infected topical wounds.

How it is made

Sanfourche, Gardent, Bull Soc Chim (4) 35, 1089 (1924), Schmeisser in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry Vol 1, G Brauer, ed (Academic Press, NY, 2nd ed, 1963) pp 309-310. Anhydrous sodium hypochlorite may be obtained by freeze-drying in vacuum (over concn sulfuric acid). Addition of chlorine to cold dilute solution of sodium hydroxide.

Soln of sodium hypochlorite containing 0.45-0.50 g of the salt in 100 ml.

Read more

Prepd by diluting with distilled water a soln of sodium hypochlorite, adding a 5% soln of sodium bicarbonate, nad adjusting to proper strength and concn according to procedure described in N.F. May be prepared also from 15.4 g chlorinated lime (30% available chlorine), 7.7 g anhydrous sodium carbonate, and 6.4 g sodium bicarbonate per liter, this soln is then adjusted ... (Sodium hypochlorite soln, diluted)

Regulatory status

Inventories, regulations and trade controls that list this substance

Europe

  • EU harmonised classification (CLP Annex VI)
    Index no: 017-011-00-1

Health and food

  • EU cosmetic ingredient inventory
  • Active ingredient in FDA approved drug labels

United States

  • TSCA inventory (USA)
    Status: Active in US commerce

HS code and trade data

Customs classification and reported world trade statistics

Global trade

World import and export statistics for the HS code Sodium hypochlorite is traded under.

HS 2828.90Indicative HS code

Hypochlorites, commercial calcium hypochlorite, chlorites, hypobromites, other

World exports in 2024
$451M
+4.0% vs 2023, imports $446M
2019 to 2024
Top exporters
  1. China12.8%
  2. Canada11.6%
  3. Germany9.3%
Top importers
  1. United States13.6%
  2. France * partner reported9.9%
  3. Germany7.2%

* Partner reported figures, a lower bound.

Reported customs values in USD, not prices.Full trade data

The HS code shown for Sodium hypochlorite is indicative (it was assigned by structure rules). Confirm the classification with your customs broker before shipping.

Frequently asked questions

Quick answers about Sodium hypochlorite, based on the data on this page

What is Sodium hypochlorite?

Sodium hypochlorite is an inorganic sodium salt in which hypochlorite is the counterion. It is used as a bleaching and disinfecting agent and is commonly found in household bleach. It has a role as a bleaching agent and a disinfectant. It contains a hypochlorite.

What is Sodium hypochlorite used for?

Bleaching agent, household & laundry bleaching agent, bleaching agent in paper, pulp, textile indust, disinfectant for glass, ceramics & water, algicide & molluscicide in cooling water for power stations, bleach in alpha-olefin sulfonate production, reactant in hydrazine manufacture.

Is Sodium hypochlorite hazardous?

Sodium hypochlorite carries the GHS signal word "Danger". Main hazards: causes severe skin burns and eye damage, causes serious eye damage, very toxic to aquatic life. This summary is not an SDS, always read the supplier safety data sheet.

Guides for buyers

Practical guides that help when you source, ship or handle Sodium hypochlorite

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Data last updated 7 Oct 2026. Details may have changed, please confirm them with the supplier. Report an error on this page
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