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Dye intermediates

Benzidine

Also known as [1,1'-Biphenyl]-4,4'-diamine, 4,4'-Diaminobiphenyl, p-Diaminodiphenyl

CAS 92-87-5Formula C12H12N2Molar mass 184.24 g/molEC 202-199-1
GHS signal word: Danger. Pictograms: Harmful or irritant, Serious health hazard, Hazardous to the environment 38 suppliers listed
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Benzidine chemical structure, C12H12N2, CAS 92-87-5
2D chemical structure

Key facts

What buyers check first

All properties
Appearance
White or slightly-reddish, crystalline powder
Melting point
120 °C
Boiling point
401 °C
Density
1.3 g/cm³
Solubility
1 g dissolves in 2500 ml cold water, 1 g dissolves in 107 ml boiling water, 1 g dissolve…
HS code
292159
Category
Dye intermediates
UN number
UN 1885
Illustrative photo, off-white crystalline powder with an amber glass bottle on a laboratory bench
Typical packagingIllustrative packaging image, not the actual product

What is Benzidine?

Plain description, key identifiers and synonyms

Benzidine is a member of the class of biphenyls that is 1,1'-biphenyl in which the hydrogen at the para-position of each phenyl group has been replaced by an amino group. It has a role as a carcinogenic agent. It is a member of biphenyls and a substituted aniline.

Identifiers

Registry numbers, names and line notations, tap to copy

IUPAC name
4-(4-aminophenyl)aniline
CAS number
92-87-5 CAS number cross-checkedOther or deprecated CAS: 26997-10-4
EC number
202-199-1
Molecular formula
C12H12N2
UNII
2X02101HVF
MDL number
MFCD00039765
InChIKey
HFACYLZERDEVSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C12H12N2/c13-11-5-1-9(2-6-11)10-3-7-12(14)8-4-10/h1-8H,13-14H2
SMILES (canonical and isomeric)
C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC=C(C=C2)N)N

Synonyms

  • [1,1'-Biphenyl]-4,4'-diamine
  • 4,4'-Diaminobiphenyl
  • p-Diaminodiphenyl
  • 4,4'-Bianiline
  • 4,4'-Biphenyldiamine
  • biphenyl-4,4'-diamine
  • p,p'-Diaminobiphenyl
  • 4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl
  • 4-(4-aminophenyl)aniline
  • p,p-Bianiline
  • 4,4'-Biphenylenediamine
  • 4,4'-Diphenylenediamine
  • Fast Corinth Base B
  • p,p'-Dianiline
  • Benzidin
  • Benzidina
  • Benzydyna
  • p,p'-Bianiline
  • 4,4'-Diamino-1,1'-biphenyl
  • Benzioine
  • Benzidine base
  • C.I. Azoic Diazo Component 112
  • p-Benzidine
  • (1,1'-Biphenyl)-4,4'-diamine
  • RCRA waste number U021
Show all 37 synonyms
  • 1,1'-Biphenyl-4,4'-Diamine
  • Biphenyl, 4,4'-diamino-
  • CI Azoic diazo component 112
  • C.I. 37225
  • CI 37225
  • 4,4'-Diamonophenyl
  • Biphenyl-4,4'-ylenediamine
  • Phenylbutazone EP Impurity E
  • Benzidine, 95%
  • Biphenyl,4,4'-diamino-
  • biphenyl -4,4'-ylenediamine
  • 4,4-Benzidine

Physical and chemical properties

Measured values and descriptors computed from the structure

Physical and chemical properties

Measured values, check the supplier specification for your grade

Appearance
White or slightly-reddish, crystalline powderexp.
Melting point
120 °Cexp.
Boiling point
401 °Cexp.
Density
1.3 g/cm³exp.
Solubility
1 g dissolves in 2500 ml cold water, 1 g dissolves in 107 ml boiling water, 1 g dissolves in 5 ml boiling alcohol, 1 g dissolves in 50 ml etherexp.
Vapour pressure
Lowexp.

Values vary by grade. Ask suppliers for the COA or TDS of the batch you buy.

Computed descriptors

Calculated from the structure, useful for screening and formulation

Molecular weight
184.24 g/molcalc.
Exact mass
184.10 Dacalc.
LogP (octanol/water)
2.52calc.
Topological polar surface area
52.04 Ųcalc.
Hydrogen bond donors
2calc.
Hydrogen bond acceptors
2calc.
Rotatable bonds
1calc.
Heavy atoms
14calc.
Rings
2calc.
Aromatic rings
2calc.
Fraction sp3 carbons
0calc.
Formal charge
0calc.
Stereocentres
0calc.
Lipinski rule of five
Passes (0 violations)calc.

Calculated for screening. Confirm critical figures with the supplier.

Murcko scaffold

The ring system that remains when every side chain is removed

Murcko scaffold of this chemical, c1ccc(-c2ccccc2)cc1

c1ccc(-c2ccccc2)cc1

2 rings, 12 atoms, the Biphenyl ring system.

32,228 other chemicals share this scaffold

Safety and hazards

GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet

GHS signal word
Danger
GHS07: Harmful or irritant
Harmful or irritant
GHS08: Serious health hazard
Serious health hazard
GHS09: Hazardous to the environment
Hazardous to the environment

Hazard statements

  • H302Harmful if swallowed.
  • H350May cause cancer.
  • H400Very toxic to aquatic life.
  • H410Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects.
Precautionary statements (11)
  • P203Obtain, read and follow all safety instructions before use.
  • P264Wash skin thoroughly after handling.
  • P270Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
  • P273Avoid release to the environment.
  • P280Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, eye protection and face protection.
  • P301 + P317If swallowed: Get medical help.
  • P318If exposed or concerned, get medical advice.
  • P330Rinse mouth.
  • P391Collect spillage.
  • P405Store locked up.
  • P501Dispose of contents and container in accordance with local regulations.
UN number
UN 1885
Transport hazard class
6.1
Packing group
II

GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet (SDS). Classifications can differ by supplier, grade and concentration. Always check the supplier's SDS.

Full safety data and first aid

Benzidine suppliers

Sponsored listings first, then the documented ranking: membership, verification, replies, completeness, freshness and ratings

All 38 suppliers
30 of 30 offers

Suppliers marked Unclaimed profile have not claimed their profile yet. They are not verified by CompoundList, their offers are price on request and details may have changed, so please confirm them with the supplier. Company representatives can claim a profile with a business email on the company's own website domain. Our team verifies each claim and sends the result by email.

Where suppliers are based

38 suppliers in 10 countries

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Benzidine price

Indicative price range per kg from live supplier offers

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Uses and applications

What the substance is used for, by industry and function

Manufacture of azo dyes, a reagent for the detection of blood, and rubber compounding agent. (Former).

As reagent for hydrogen peroxide in milk ... (Former use).

Org synthesis, ... stain in microscopy, ... stiffening agent in rubber compounding (Former use).

Mfr of plastic films, it reacts with ink erasers to give colored products and therefore has been used in security printing, lab agent for detection of hydrogen cyanide and sulfate, for quantitative determination of nicotine and as spray reagent for sugars. (Former use).

The predominant use for benzidine is in the production of dyes, especially azo dyes in the leather, textile, and paper industries.

Use classes: Benzidines/Aromatic amines.

Roles

  • aetiopathogenetic role
  • carcinogenic agent

Functional uses

  • Pigment

Pharmacology

Benzidine is a grayish-red, yellowish or white colored, very toxic, crystalline aromatic amine that darkens when exposed to air and light. Benzidine has been widely used for the detection of blood and as a reagent in the manufacture of dyes. Ingestion of benzidine causes cyanosis, headache, mental confusion, nausea and vomiting. Its use is now limited because of strong association between exposure to benzidine and an increased risk of bladder cancer in humans. (NCI05)

How it is made

Produced by reduction of nitrobenzene with zinc and sodium hydroxide, the resultant hydrazobenzene is heated with acid.

By electrolysis of nitrobenzene, followed by distillation, nitration of diphenyl followed by reduction of the product with zinc dust in alkaline soln, with subsequent distillation.

Regulatory status

Inventories, regulations and trade controls that list this substance

Europe

  • EU harmonised classification (CLP Annex VI)
    Index no: 612-042-00-2

Health and food

  • EU Cosmetics Regulation Annex II, prohibited in cosmetics
    Name: Benzidine, Ref no: 26, Annex ref: II/26

United States

  • TSCA inventory (USA)
    Status: Active in US commerce, Regulatory flags: Significant new use rule

HS code and trade data

Customs classification and reported world trade statistics

Global trade

World import and export statistics for the HS code Benzidine is traded under.

HS 2921.59Indicative HS code

Aromatic polyamines and their derivatives, salts thereof, other

World exports in 2024
$510M
−0.4% vs 2023, imports $488M
2019 to 2024
Top exporters
  1. China26.6%
  2. Japan16.6%
  3. India * partner reported12.4%
Top importers
  1. United States17.9%
  2. Germany11.6%
  3. South Korea7.4%

* Partner reported figures, a lower bound.

Reported customs values in USD, not prices.Full trade data

The HS code shown for Benzidine is indicative (it was assigned by structure rules). Confirm the classification with your customs broker before shipping.

Frequently asked questions

Quick answers about Benzidine, based on the data on this page

What is Benzidine?

Benzidine is a member of the class of biphenyls that is 1,1'-biphenyl in which the hydrogen at the para-position of each phenyl group has been replaced by an amino group. It has a role as a carcinogenic agent. It is a member of biphenyls and a substituted aniline.

What is the CAS number of Benzidine?

The CAS registry number of Benzidine is 92-87-5. Other or deprecated CAS numbers: 26997-10-4.

What is the molecular formula and weight of Benzidine?

The molecular formula of Benzidine is C12H12N2 and its molar mass is 184.24 g/mol.

What is Benzidine used for?

Manufacture of azo dyes, a reagent for the detection of blood, and rubber compounding agent. (Former). As reagent for hydrogen peroxide in milk ... (Former use). Org synthesis, ... stain in microscopy, ... stiffening agent in rubber compounding (Former use).

Is Benzidine hazardous?

Benzidine carries the GHS signal word "Danger". Main hazards: harmful if swallowed, may cause cancer, very toxic to aquatic life. This summary is not an SDS, always read the supplier safety data sheet.

What is the HS code of Benzidine?

Benzidine is usually classified under HS code 292159 (Aromatic polyamines and their derivatives, salts thereof, other). This is indicative, confirm it with your customs broker before shipping.

Where can I buy Benzidine?

CompoundList lists 38 suppliers of Benzidine in China, United States, Hong Kong, United Kingdom and 6 more. Send one free request to get and compare quotes. Your contact details stay private until you accept a quote.

Where can I buy Benzidine in India?

1 supplier in India list Benzidine on CompoundList. Filter the suppliers list by country and send a request to compare prices, grades and delivery times.

What is the price of Benzidine?

Suppliers quote Benzidine on request because prices depend on grade, purity, quantity and destination. A free request on CompoundList gets you several quotes to compare.

Guides for buyers

Practical guides that help when you source, ship or handle Benzidine

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Data last updated 7 Oct 2026. Details may have changed, please confirm them with the supplier. Report an error on this page
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