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Impurities and reference standards

Morpholine

Also known as 1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane, Diethylene oximide, Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine

CAS 110-91-8Formula C4H9NOMolar mass 87.12 g/molEC 203-815-1
GHS signal word: Danger. Pictograms: Flammable, Corrosive, Harmful or irritant 214 suppliers listed
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Morpholine chemical structure, C4H9NO, CAS 110-91-8
2D chemical structure

Key facts

What buyers check first

All properties
Appearance
Colorless liquid
Melting point
-4.8 °C
Boiling point
128 °C
Density
Relative density (water = 1): 1.0
Flash point
35 °C
HS code
293499
Category
Impurities and reference standards
UN number
UN 2054
Illustrative photo, clear liquid in sealed glass ampoules on a laboratory bench
Typical packagingIllustrative packaging image, not the actual product

What is Morpholine?

Plain description, key identifiers and synonyms

Morpholine is an organic heteromonocyclic compound whose six-membered ring contains four carbon atoms and one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom that lies opposite to each other, the parent compound of the morpholine family. It is a saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent and a member of morpholines. It is a conjugate base of a morpholinium.

Identifiers

Registry numbers, names and line notations, tap to copy

IUPAC name
morpholine
CAS number
110-91-8 CAS number cross-checkedOther or deprecated CAS: 138048-80-3
EC number
203-815-1
Molecular formula
C4H9NO
UNII
8B2ZCK305O
MDL number
MFCD00005972
INCI name
MORPHOLINE
InChIKey
YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C4H9NO/c1-3-6-4-2-5-1/h5H,1-4H2
SMILES (canonical and isomeric)
C1COCCN1

Synonyms

  • 1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane
  • Diethylene oximide
  • Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine
  • Diethylenimide oxide
  • Diethyleneimide oxide
  • Diethylene imidoxide
  • Drewamine
  • Tetrahydro-2H-1,4-oxazine
  • Tetrahydro-p-oxazine
  • p-Isoxazine, tetrahydro-
  • Tetrahydro-1,4-isoxazine
  • BASF 238
  • 2H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-
  • 4H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-
  • Morpholine,reag
  • Morpholine, pract
  • Tetrahydro-4H-1-4-oxazine
  • morpholin
  • Tetrahydro-p-isoxazine
  • Molsidomine EP Impurity E
  • morphline
  • Morpholine, Molsidomine Imp. E (EP), Molsidomine Impurity E
  • morpho line
  • morpholine-
  • Morpholine (BASF)
Show all 33 synonyms
  • 4H-1, tetrahydro-
  • Morpholine [UN2054] [Flammable liquid]
  • Polymer bonded morpholine
  • Morpholine on Rasta Resin
  • Tetrahydro-1, 4-isoxazine
  • Tetryhydro-2H-1,4-oxazine
  • Tetrahydro-4H-1,4-Oxazine
  • 4-27-00-00015 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)

Physical and chemical properties

Measured values and descriptors computed from the structure

Physical and chemical properties

Measured values, check the supplier specification for your grade

Appearance
Colorless liquidexp.
Odour
Characteristic amineexp.
Melting point
-4.8 °Cexp.
Boiling point
128 °Cexp.
Density
Relative density (water = 1): 1.0exp.
Flash point
35 °Cexp.
Autoignition temperature
310 °Cexp.
Solubility
Immiscible with concn sodium hydroxide soln, miscible with acetone, benzene, ether, castor oil, methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, 2-hexanone, linseed oil, turpentine, pine oil, miscible with water with evolution of some heatexp.
Vapour pressure
10.1 mm Hg at 25 °Cexp.

Values vary by grade. Ask suppliers for the COA or TDS of the batch you buy.

Computed descriptors

Calculated from the structure, useful for screening and formulation

Molecular weight
87.12 g/molcalc.
Exact mass
87.0684 Dacalc.
LogP (octanol/water)
-0.39calc.
Topological polar surface area
21.26 Ųcalc.
Hydrogen bond donors
1calc.
Hydrogen bond acceptors
2calc.
Rotatable bonds
0calc.
Heavy atoms
6calc.
Rings
1calc.
Aromatic rings
0calc.
Fraction sp3 carbons
1calc.
Formal charge
0calc.
Stereocentres
0calc.
Lipinski rule of five
Passes (0 violations)calc.

Calculated for screening. Confirm critical figures with the supplier.

Murcko scaffold

The ring system that remains when every side chain is removed

Murcko scaffold of this chemical, C1COCCN1

C1COCCN1

1 ring, 6 atoms. This chemical is the scaffold itself.

5,994 other chemicals share this scaffold

Safety and hazards

GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet

GHS signal word
Danger
GHS02: Flammable
Flammable
GHS05: Corrosive
Corrosive
GHS07: Harmful or irritant
Harmful or irritant
331NFPA 704 rating

Hazard statements

  • H226Flammable liquid and vapour.
  • H302Harmful if swallowed.
  • H312Harmful in contact with skin.
  • H314Causes severe skin burns and eye damage.
  • H332Harmful if inhaled.
Precautionary statements (29)
  • P210Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking.
  • P233Keep container tightly closed.
  • P240Ground and bond container and receiving equipment.
  • P241Use explosion-proof electrical, ventilating and lighting equipment.
  • P242Use non-sparking tools.
  • P243Take action to prevent static discharges.
  • P260Do not breathe dust, fume, gas, mist, vapours or spray.
  • P261Avoid breathing dust, fume, gas, mist, vapours or spray.
  • P264Wash skin thoroughly after handling.
  • P270Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
  • P271Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
  • P280Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, eye protection and face protection.
  • P301 + P317If swallowed: Get medical help.
  • P301 + P330 + P331If swallowed: Rinse mouth. Do not induce vomiting.
  • P302 + P352If on skin: Wash with plenty of water.
  • P302 + P361 + P354If on skin: Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Immediately rinse with water for several minutes.
  • P303 + P361 + P353If on skin (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water or shower.
  • P304 + P340If inhaled: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing.
  • P305 + P354 + P338If in eyes: Immediately rinse with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
  • P316Get emergency medical help immediately.
  • P317Get medical help.
  • P321Specific treatment (see supplemental first aid instructions on the label).
  • P330Rinse mouth.
  • P362 + P364Take off contaminated clothing. And wash it before reuse.
  • P363Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
  • P370 + P378In case of fire: Use appropriate media to extinguish.
  • P403 + P235Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool.
  • P405Store locked up.
  • P501Dispose of contents and container in accordance with local regulations.
UN number
UN 2054
Transport hazard class
8
Packing group
I

GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet (SDS). Classifications can differ by supplier, grade and concentration. Always check the supplier's SDS.

Full safety data and first aid

Morpholine suppliers

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All 214 suppliers
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Where suppliers are based

214 suppliers in 28 countries

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Morpholine price

Indicative price range per kg from live supplier offers

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Uses and applications

What the substance is used for, by industry and function

Morpholine is used as a separating agent for volatile amines, an intermediate for textile lubricants, in the synthesis of rubber accelerators and pharmaceuticals. It is also used as a solvent, as a boiler water additive, and in the formulation of waxes, polishers, and cleaners.

Solvent for resins, waxes, casein, dyes.

Rubber accelerator, solvent, additive to boiler water, waxes and polishes, optical brightener for detergents, corrosion inhibitor, preservation of book paper, organic intermediate (catalyst, antioxidants, pharmaceuticals, bactericides, etc.).

Industrial uses: Intermediate, Anti-scaling agent, Corrosion inhibitor, Anti-condensation agent, Abrasives.

Cosmetic ingredient, INCI name MORPHOLINE(buffering)

Functional uses

  • Chelating agent
  • Processing aids not otherwise specified
  • Solvent
  • pH regulating agent

Cosmetic functions

  • Buffering

How it is made

Morpholine is prepared by condensation of ethylene oxide with ammonia...

Dehydration of diethanolamine by strong acid at elevated temperature (Former method)

Prepd by dehydrating diethanolamine

Regulatory status

Inventories, regulations and trade controls that list this substance

Europe

  • EU harmonised classification (CLP Annex VI)
    Index no: 613-028-00-9

Health and food

  • EU cosmetic ingredient inventory
  • EU Cosmetics Regulation Annex II, prohibited in cosmetics
    Name: Morpholine and its salts, Ref no: 344, Annex ref: II/344

United States

  • TSCA inventory (USA)
    Status: Active in US commerce

HS code and trade data

Customs classification and reported world trade statistics

Global trade

World import and export statistics for the HS code Morpholine is traded under.

HS 2934.99Indicative HS code

Nucleic acids and their salts, other heterocyclic compounds, not elsewhere classified in heading 2934

World exports in 2024
$26.7B
+15.0% vs 2023, imports $26.3B
2019 to 2024
Top exporters
  1. Ireland26.3%
  2. China15.7%
  3. Singapore10.3%
Top importers
  1. United States24.5%
  2. Germany23.1%
  3. Japan4.5%
Reported customs values in USD, not prices.Full trade data

The HS code shown for Morpholine is indicative (it was assigned by structure rules). Confirm the classification with your customs broker before shipping.

Frequently asked questions

Quick answers about Morpholine, based on the data on this page

What is Morpholine?

Morpholine is an organic heteromonocyclic compound whose six-membered ring contains four carbon atoms and one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom that lies opposite to each other, the parent compound of the morpholine family. It is a saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent and a member of morpholines.

What is the CAS number of Morpholine?

The CAS registry number of Morpholine is 110-91-8. Other or deprecated CAS numbers: 138048-80-3.

What is the molecular formula and weight of Morpholine?

The molecular formula of Morpholine is C4H9NO and its molar mass is 87.12 g/mol.

What is Morpholine used for?

Morpholine is used as a separating agent for volatile amines, an intermediate for textile lubricants, in the synthesis of rubber accelerators and pharmaceuticals. It is also used as a solvent, as a boiler water additive, and in the formulation of waxes, polishers, and cleaners. Solvent for resins, waxes, casein, dyes.

Is Morpholine hazardous?

Morpholine carries the GHS signal word "Danger". Main hazards: flammable liquid and vapour, harmful if swallowed, harmful in contact with skin. This summary is not an SDS, always read the supplier safety data sheet.

What is the HS code of Morpholine?

Morpholine is usually classified under HS code 293499 (Nucleic acids and their salts, whether or not chemically defined, other heterocyclic…). This is indicative, confirm it with your customs broker before shipping.

Where can I buy Morpholine?

CompoundList lists 214 suppliers of Morpholine in China, India, United States, Germany and 24 more. Send one free request to get and compare quotes. Your contact details stay private until you accept a quote.

Where can I buy Morpholine in India?

49 suppliers in India list Morpholine on CompoundList. Filter the suppliers list by country and send a request to compare prices, grades and delivery times.

What is the price of Morpholine?

Suppliers quote Morpholine on request because prices depend on grade, purity, quantity and destination. A free request on CompoundList gets you several quotes to compare.

Guides for buyers

Practical guides that help when you source, ship or handle Morpholine

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Data last updated 7 Oct 2026. Details may have changed, please confirm them with the supplier. Report an error on this page
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