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Central nervous system drugs

Phenytoin

Also known as 5,5-Diphenylhydantoin, Diphenylhydantoin, 5,5-diphenylimidazolidine-2,4-dione

CAS 57-41-0Formula C15H12N2O2Molar mass 252.27 g/molEC 200-328-6
GHS signal word: Danger. Pictograms: Harmful or irritant, Serious health hazard 118 suppliers listed Drug substance
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Phenytoin chemical structure, C15H12N2O2, CAS 57-41-0
2D chemical structure

Key facts

What buyers check first

All properties
Appearance
Needles (alcohol)
Melting point
295 to 298
Solubility
In water, 32 mg/L at 22 °C
HS code
293329
Category
Central nervous system drugs
UN number
UN 2811
Illustrative photo, assorted laboratory chemical bottles and jars on a laboratory bench
Typical packagingIllustrative packaging image, not the actual product

What is Phenytoin?

Plain description, key identifiers and synonyms

Phenytoin is a imidazolidine-2,4-dione that consists of hydantoin bearing two phenyl substituents at position 5. It has a role as an anticonvulsant, a sodium channel blocker, a teratogenic agent and a drug allergen. It is functionally related to a hydantoin.

Phenytoin is an anti-seizure medication.

Identifiers

Registry numbers, names and line notations, tap to copy

IUPAC name
5,5-diphenylimidazolidine-2,4-dione
CAS number
57-41-0 CAS number cross-checked
EC number
200-328-6
Molecular formula
C15H12N2O2
UNII
6158TKW0C5
MDL number
MFCD00005264
InChIKey
CXOFVDLJLONNDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C15H12N2O2/c18-13-15(17-14(19)16-13,11-7-3-1-4-8-11)12-9-5-2-6-10-12/h1-10H,(H2,16,17,18,19)
SMILES (canonical and isomeric)
C1=CC=C(C=C1)C2(C(=O)NC(=O)N2)C3=CC=CC=C3

Synonyms

  • 5,5-Diphenylhydantoin
  • Diphenylhydantoin
  • 5,5-diphenylimidazolidine-2,4-dione
  • Phenytoine
  • Zentropil
  • Lepitoin
  • Diphantoin
  • Epamin
  • Dihydantoin
  • Dilabid
  • Sodanton
  • Dihycon
  • Diphenylan
  • Fenitoina
  • Fenylepsin
  • Hidantal
  • Silantin
  • Denyl
  • Eptal
  • Diphenylhydatanoin
  • Auranile
  • Dantinal
  • Dantoinal
  • Dantoine
  • Difetoin
Show all 39 synonyms
  • Difhydan
  • Dilantine
  • Dillantin
  • Dintoina
  • Diphedal
  • Diphedan
  • Diphenin
  • Diphenine
  • Diphentyn
  • Ditoinate
  • Elepsindon
  • Enkelfel
  • Epifenyl
  • Epihydan

Physical and chemical properties

Measured values and descriptors computed from the structure

Physical and chemical properties

Measured values, check the supplier specification for your grade

Appearance
Needles (alcohol)exp.
Odour
Odorlessexp.
Melting point
295 to 298exp.
Solubility
In water, 32 mg/L at 22 °Cexp.

Values vary by grade. Ask suppliers for the COA or TDS of the batch you buy.

Computed descriptors

Calculated from the structure, useful for screening and formulation

Molecular weight
252.27 g/molcalc.
Exact mass
252.0899 Dacalc.
LogP (octanol/water)
1.77calc.
Topological polar surface area
58.2 Ųcalc.
Hydrogen bond donors
2calc.
Hydrogen bond acceptors
2calc.
Rotatable bonds
2calc.
Heavy atoms
19calc.
Rings
3calc.
Aromatic rings
2calc.
Fraction sp3 carbons
0.07calc.
Formal charge
0calc.
Stereocentres
0calc.
Lipinski rule of five
Passes (0 violations)calc.

Calculated for screening. Confirm critical figures with the supplier.

Murcko scaffold

The ring system that remains when every side chain is removed

Murcko scaffold of this chemical, O=C1NC(=O)C(c2ccccc2)(c2ccccc2)N1

O=C1NC(=O)C(c2ccccc2)(c2ccccc2)N1

3 rings, 19 atoms. This chemical is the scaffold itself.

187 other chemicals share this scaffold

Safety and hazards

GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet

GHS signal word
Danger
GHS07: Harmful or irritant
Harmful or irritant
GHS08: Serious health hazard
Serious health hazard

Hazard statements

  • H302Harmful if swallowed.
  • H350May cause cancer.
  • H351Suspected of causing cancer.
  • H360May damage fertility or the unborn child.
Precautionary statements (9)
  • P203Obtain, read and follow all safety instructions before use.
  • P264Wash skin thoroughly after handling.
  • P270Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
  • P280Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, eye protection and face protection.
  • P301 + P317If swallowed: Get medical help.
  • P318If exposed or concerned, get medical advice.
  • P330Rinse mouth.
  • P405Store locked up.
  • P501Dispose of contents and container in accordance with local regulations.
UN number
UN 2811

GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet (SDS). Classifications can differ by supplier, grade and concentration. Always check the supplier's SDS.

Full safety data and first aid

Phenytoin suppliers

Sponsored listings first, then the documented ranking: membership, verification, replies, completeness, freshness and ratings

All 118 suppliers
30 of 30 offers

Suppliers marked Unclaimed profile have not claimed their profile yet. They are not verified by CompoundList, their offers are price on request and details may have changed, so please confirm them with the supplier. Company representatives can claim a profile with a business email on the company's own website domain. Our team verifies each claim and sends the result by email.

Where suppliers are based

118 suppliers in 22 countries

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Phenytoin price

Indicative price range per kg from live supplier offers

No published prices right now

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Uses and applications

What the substance is used for, by industry and function

Veterinary medication:.

Antiepileptic drug useful in the treatment of epilepsy.

Therapeutic category: Anticonvulsant, antiepileptic.

Therapeutic category (veterinary): Anticonvulsant.

Use classes: Pharmaceuticals.

Industries and functions

Pharmacological actions

  • Anticonvulsants
  • Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 Inducers
  • Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Blockers

Roles

  • aetiopathogenetic role
  • allergen
  • anti-anaemic agent
  • anticonvulsant
  • antidepressant
  • antineoplastic agent
  • antipsychotic agent
  • anxiolytic drug
  • biophysical role
  • central nervous system depressant
  • central nervous system drug
  • drug allergen
  • membrane transport modulator
  • pharmaceutical
  • psychotropic drug
  • sodium channel blocker
  • sodium channel modulator
  • teratogenic agent
  • tranquilizing drug
  • vulnerary

Pharmacology

Phenytoin is an Anti-epileptic Agent. The mechanism of action of phenytoin is as a Cytochrome P450 1A2 Inducer, and Cytochrome P450 2B6 Inducer, and Cytochrome P450 2C8 Inducer, and Cytochrome P450 2C19 Inducer, and Cytochrome P450 2D6 Inducer, and Cytochrome P450 3A Inducer, and Cytochrome P450 2C9 Inducer. The physiologic effect of phenytoin is by means of Decreased Central Nervous System Disorganized Electrical Activity.

How it is made

From benzil, urea and NaOH: BILTZ, BER 41, 1391 (1908), 44, 411 (1911) (Phenytoin sodium)

Prepared from benzophenone: H. R. HENZE, US PATENT 2,409,754 (1946 TO Parke Davis).

Regulatory status

Inventories, regulations and trade controls that list this substance

Health and food

  • Active ingredient in FDA approved drug labels

HS code and trade data

Customs classification and reported world trade statistics

Global trade

World import and export statistics for the HS code Phenytoin is traded under.

HS 2933.29Indicative HS code

Compounds containing an unfused imidazole ring (whether or not hydrogenated) in the…

World exports in 2024
$1.43B
−7.6% vs 2023, imports $1.47B
2019 to 2024
Top exporters
  1. China28.1%
  2. France * partner reported12.7%
  3. India * partner reported10.3%
Top importers
  1. United Kingdom13.0%
  2. United States7.9%
  3. China6.5%

* Partner reported figures, a lower bound.

Reported customs values in USD, not prices.Full trade data

The HS code shown for Phenytoin is indicative (it was assigned by structure rules). Confirm the classification with your customs broker before shipping.

Frequently asked questions

Quick answers about Phenytoin, based on the data on this page

What is Phenytoin?

Phenytoin is a imidazolidine-2,4-dione that consists of hydantoin bearing two phenyl substituents at position 5. It has a role as an anticonvulsant, a sodium channel blocker, a teratogenic agent and a drug allergen. It is functionally related to a hydantoin.

What is the CAS number of Phenytoin?

The CAS registry number of Phenytoin is 57-41-0.

What is the molecular formula and weight of Phenytoin?

The molecular formula of Phenytoin is C15H12N2O2 and its molar mass is 252.27 g/mol.

What is Phenytoin used for?

Veterinary medication:. Antiepileptic drug useful in the treatment of epilepsy. Therapeutic category: Anticonvulsant, antiepileptic. Therapeutic category (veterinary): Anticonvulsant. Use classes: Pharmaceuticals.

Is Phenytoin hazardous?

Phenytoin carries the GHS signal word "Danger". Main hazards: harmful if swallowed, may cause cancer, suspected of causing cancer. This summary is not an SDS, always read the supplier safety data sheet.

What is the HS code of Phenytoin?

Phenytoin is usually classified under HS code 293329 (Compounds containing an unfused imidazole ring (whether or not hydrogenated) in the…). This is indicative, confirm it with your customs broker before shipping.

Where can I buy Phenytoin?

CompoundList lists 118 suppliers of Phenytoin in United States, China, India, Germany and 18 more. Send one free request to get and compare quotes. Your contact details stay private until you accept a quote.

Where can I buy Phenytoin in India?

10 suppliers in India list Phenytoin on CompoundList. Filter the suppliers list by country and send a request to compare prices, grades and delivery times.

What is the price of Phenytoin?

Suppliers quote Phenytoin on request because prices depend on grade, purity, quantity and destination. A free request on CompoundList gets you several quotes to compare.

Guides for buyers

Practical guides that help when you source, ship or handle Phenytoin

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Data last updated 7 Oct 2026. Details may have changed, please confirm them with the supplier. Report an error on this page
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