Benzoic acid
Also known as Dracylic acid, benzenecarboxylic acid, Benzeneformic acid
Key facts
What buyers check first
- Appearance
- Monoclinic tablets, plates, leaflets
- Melting point
- 122.3 °C
- Boiling point
- 249.2 °C
- Density
- 1.2659 g/cm³ at 15 °C
- Flash point
- 121 °C
- HS code
- 291631
- Category
- Food preservatives
What is Benzoic acid?
Plain description, key identifiers and synonyms
Benzoic acid is a compound comprising a benzene ring core carrying a carboxylic acid substituent. It has a role as an EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor, an EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor, an antimicrobial food preservative, a plant metabolite, a human xenobiotic metabolite, an algal metabolite and a drug allergen. It is a conjugate acid of a benzoate.
Identifiers
Registry numbers, names and line notations, tap to copy
- IUPAC name
- benzoic acid
- CAS number
- 65-85-0 CAS number cross-checkedOther or deprecated CAS: 14322-82-8
- EC number
- 200-618-2
- Molecular formula
- C7H6O2
- UNII
- 8SKN0B0MIM
- MDL number
- MFCD00002398, MFCD03456189
- INCI name
- BENZOIC ACID
- InChIKey
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C7H6O2/c8-7(9)6-4-2-1-3-5-6/h1-5H,(H,8,9)
- SMILES (canonical and isomeric)
- C1=CC=C(C=C1)C(=O)O
Synonyms
- Dracylic acid
- benzenecarboxylic acid
- Benzeneformic acid
- Carboxybenzene
- phenylformic acid
- Benzenemethanoic acid
- Phenylcarboxylic acid
- Retardex
- Retarder BA
- Tenn-Plas
- Salvo liquid
- Benzoesaeure GK
- Benzoesaeure GV
- Acide benzoique
- Solvo powder
- Benzoic acid, tech.
- Unisept BZA
- Benzoesaeure
- HA 1 (acid)
- Kyselina benzoova
- Benzenemethonic acid
- Vevovitall
- Acido benzoico
- Menno-florades
- Benzoicum acidum
Show all 39 synonymsShow fewer synonyms
- Acidum benzoicum
- Benzoic acid (e 210)
- Sodium benzoic acid
- Tennplas
- INS NO.210
- Phenyl carboxylic acid
- Provita
- Provita Combat
- Whitfield's
- Eyelids Wipes
- Provita Equiband
- Acid, Benzoic
- Rheumatism Diarrhea
- Benzoate, Potassium
Physical and chemical properties
Measured values and descriptors computed from the structure
Physical and chemical properties
Measured values, check the supplier specification for your grade
| Appearance | Monoclinic tablets, plates, leafletsexp.Measured value |
|---|---|
| Odour | Odorless or with a slight benzaldehyde odorexp.Measured value |
| Taste | ALMOST TASTELESS /BENZOIC ACID USP/exp.Measured value |
| Melting point | 122.3 °Cexp.Measured value |
| Boiling point | 249.2 °Cexp.Measured value |
| Density | 1.2659 g/cm³ at 15 °Cexp.Measured value |
| Flash point | 121 °Cexp.Measured value |
| Autoignition temperature | 570 °Cexp.Measured value |
| Solubility | Mixtures of excess benzoic acid & water form 2 liquid phases beginning at 89.7 °C, the two phases unite at critical solution temperature of 117.2 °C, solubility in water increased by alkaline substances.exp.Measured value |
| Vapour pressure | 7.0 × 10⁻⁴ mm Hg at 25 °Cexp.Measured value |
Values vary by grade. Ask suppliers for the COA or TDS of the batch you buy.
Computed descriptors
Calculated from the structure, useful for screening and formulation
| Molecular weight | 122.12 g/molcalc.Computed value |
|---|---|
| Exact mass | 122.0368 Dacalc.Computed value |
| LogP (octanol/water) | 1.38calc.Computed value |
| Topological polar surface area | 37.3 Ųcalc.Computed value |
| Hydrogen bond donors | 1calc.Computed value |
| Hydrogen bond acceptors | 1calc.Computed value |
| Rotatable bonds | 1calc.Computed value |
| Heavy atoms | 9calc.Computed value |
| Rings | 1calc.Computed value |
| Aromatic rings | 1calc.Computed value |
| Fraction sp3 carbons | 0calc.Computed value |
| Formal charge | 0calc.Computed value |
| Stereocentres | 0calc.Computed value |
| Lipinski rule of five | Passes (0 violations)calc.Computed value |
Calculated for screening. Confirm critical figures with the supplier.
Murcko scaffold
The ring system that remains when every side chain is removed
Safety and hazards
GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet
Hazard statements
- H315Causes skin irritation.
- H318Causes serious eye damage.
- H372Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure.
Precautionary statements (13)
- P260Do not breathe dust, fume, gas, mist, vapours or spray.
- P264Wash skin thoroughly after handling.
- P264 + P265Wash skin thoroughly after handling. Do not touch eyes.
- P270Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
- P280Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, eye protection and face protection.
- P302 + P352If on skin: Wash with plenty of water.
- P305 + P354 + P338If in eyes: Immediately rinse with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
- P317Get medical help.
- P319Get medical help if you feel unwell.
- P321Specific treatment (see supplemental first aid instructions on the label).
- P332 + P317If skin irritation occurs: Get medical help.
- P362 + P364Take off contaminated clothing. And wash it before reuse.
- P501Dispose of contents and container in accordance with local regulations.
GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet (SDS). Classifications can differ by supplier, grade and concentration. Always check the supplier's SDS.
Full safety data and first aidBenzoic acid suppliers
Sponsored listings first, then the documented ranking: membership, verification, replies, completeness, freshness and ratings
- India, Ghaziabad ManufacturerUnclaimed profileBenzoic AcidGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- United States, West Palm BeachUnclaimed profileBenzoic AcidGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- Italy, VimercateUnclaimed profileBenzoic AcidGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- Spain, ValenciaUnclaimed profileBenzoic AcidGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- France, CourbevoieUnclaimed profileBenzoic AcidGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- Belgium, AntwerpenUnclaimed profileBenzoic AcidGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- United StatesUnclaimed profileBenzoic AcidGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- United StatesUnclaimed profileBenzoic AcidGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
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- United StatesUnclaimed profileBenzoic AcidGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
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Where suppliers are based
564 suppliers in 56 countries
- India121
- China120
- United States100
- Germany18
- Turkey16
- United Kingdom14
- and 50 more countries
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Benzoic acid price
Indicative price range per kg from live supplier offers
Suppliers quote this chemical on request. Send one free request and compare quotes side by side.
Uses and applications
What the substance is used for, by industry and function
The active ingredient is no longer contained in any registered pesticide products ... "cancelled.".
The largest use of benzoic acid is as a chemical raw material in the production of phenol, caprolactam, glycol dibenzoates esters, and sodium and/or potassium benzoate.
Preserving foods, fats, fruit juices, alkaloidal solutions, manufacture of benzoates & benzoyl compounds, dyes, in calico printing, for curing tobacco, as std in volumetric and calorimetric analysis.
Industrial uses: Monomers, pH regulating agent, Dispersing agent, Other, Binder, Intermediate, Surface modifier, Plasticizer.
Consumer uses: Other, pH regulating agent, Stabilizing agent, Preservative, Plasticizer, Etching agent, Intermediate.
Use classes: Preservatives and Antioxidants, Safer Chemical Classes, Food additives, Cosmetics, Insecticides, Antimicrobials, Fungicides, Pesticide transformation products.
Industries and functions
Cosmetic ingredient, INCI name BENZOIC ACID(fragrance, preservative, ph adjusters)
Pharmacological actions
- Antifungal Agents
- Food Preservatives
Roles
- additive
- aetiopathogenetic role
- algal metabolite
- allergen
- animal metabolite
- antiinfective agent
- antimicrobial agent
- antimicrobial food preservative
- drug allergen
- enzyme inhibitor
- eukaryotic metabolite
- food additive
- food component
- food preservative
- human metabolite
- human xenobiotic metabolite
- lipoxygenase inhibitor
- mammalian metabolite
- metabolite
- pharmaceutical
- physiological role
- plant metabolite
- xenobiotic metabolite
Functional uses
- Antioxidant
- Biocide
- Deodorizer
- Filler
- Flavouring and nutrient
- Fragrance
- Plasticizer
- Preservative
- Processing aids not otherwise specified
- pH regulating agent
Cosmetic functions
- Fragrance
- Ph adjusters
- Preservative
Pharmacology
Benzoic acid is a Nitrogen Binding Agent. The mechanism of action of benzoic acid is as an Ammonium Ion Binding Activity.
How it is made
Liquid-Phase Oxidation of Toluene with Molecular Oxygen. ... In a typical modern process the oxidation is conducted at 165 °C and 0.9 MPa. The reaction heat is removed by external circulation of the contents of the reactor. The pressure of the liquid discharged from the reactor is reduced to atmospheric, and unreacted toluene is recovered. Benzoic acid is purified by rectification. The bottom residue is extracted to recover the cobalt catalyst.
Read more
The exhaust gas is cooled to recover most of the toluene, purified, and vented.
Decarboxylation of phthalic anhydride in the presence of catalysts, chlorination of toluene to yield benzotrichloride, which is hydrolyzed to benzoic acid, oxidation of toluene, from benzoin resin.
Benzoic acid is manufactured by treating molten phthalic anhydride with steam in the presence of a zinc oxide catalyst, by the hydrolysis of benzotrichloride, or by the oxidation of toluene with nitric acid or sodium bichromate or with air in the presence of a transition metal salt catalyst.
Regulatory status
Inventories, regulations and trade controls that list this substance
Europe
- EU harmonised classification (CLP Annex VI)Index no: 607-705-00-8
Health and food
- EU cosmetic ingredient inventory
- EU Cosmetics Regulation Annex V, allowed preservativeName: BENZOIC ACID, SODIUM BENZOATE, Ref no: 1, Annex ref: V/1
- Active ingredient in FDA approved drug labels
- Food additive
United States
- Safer Choice ingredient list (USA)
- TSCA inventory (USA)Status: Active in US commerce
HS code and trade data
Customs classification and reported world trade statistics
Global trade
World import and export statistics for the HS code Benzoic acid is traded under.
Benzoic acid, its salts and esters
- China30.7%
- Netherlands29.8%
- Estonia9.9%
- United States14.7%
- Germany8.8%
- Brazil5.1%
The HS code shown for Benzoic acid is indicative (it was matched by name in the HS nomenclature). Confirm the classification with your customs broker before shipping.
Related chemicals
Parent and salt forms, stereoisomers, similar structures and isomers
Salt and hydrate forms
Records that share this compound as their parent
Stereoisomers and isotopic forms
Same connectivity, different stereochemistry or isotopes (same InChIKey skeleton)
Similar structures
Nearest neighbours by Morgan fingerprint Tanimoto similarity
![4,4'-(1,2-Diphenyl-1,2-ethenediyl)bis[benzoic acid] chemical structure, C28H20O4, CAS 1002339-79-8](/s/MTTUYJXPONEHGK-OCEACIFDSA-N.svg)
Same formula isomers
Different compounds that share this molecular formula
Frequently asked questions
Quick answers about Benzoic acid, based on the data on this page
What is Benzoic acid?
What is the CAS number of Benzoic acid?
What is the molecular formula and weight of Benzoic acid?
What is Benzoic acid used for?
Is Benzoic acid hazardous?
What is the HS code of Benzoic acid?
Where can I buy Benzoic acid?
Where can I buy Benzoic acid in India?
What is the price of Benzoic acid?
Guides for buyers
Practical guides that help when you source, ship or handle Benzoic acid
- Article, QualityPharma grades explained: IP vs BP vs USP vs EPWhat the Indian, British, US and European pharmacopoeias are, how their monographs differ, what multi grade claims mean and why a grade alone does not make a product fit for medicines.Read
- Guide, SafetyHow to read a safety data sheet in 10 minutesA section by section method to pull the essentials out of any 16 section SDS: identity, hazards, composition, storage, PPE, properties, transport and emergency measures.Read
- Guide, SafetyGHS pictograms, signal words and hazard statements explainedA practical guide to the nine GHS pictograms, the signal words Danger and Warning, H and P statements, and how to read a chemical label in seconds.Read
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