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Rare earth compounds

Gadolinium

Also known as Gadolinium, elemental, GD, Gadolinium Metallicum

CAS 7440-54-2Formula GdMolar mass 157.25 g/molEC 231-162-2
GHS signal word: Danger. Pictograms: Flammable 59 suppliers listed Drug substance
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Element with atomic number and standard atomic weight

Key facts

What buyers check first

All properties
Appearance
Silvery metal, hexagonal
Melting point
1,313 °C
Boiling point
3,273 °C
Density
7.90 g/cm³
Solubility
Soluble in dilute acid
HS code
280530
Category
Rare earth compounds

What is Gadolinium?

Plain description, key identifiers and synonyms

Gadolinium(4+) is a gadolinium cation, a monoatomic tetracation and an elemental gadolinium.

Identifiers

Registry numbers, names and line notations, tap to copy

IUPAC name
gadolinium
CAS number
7440-54-2 CAS number cross-checkedOther or deprecated CAS: 13572-97-9
EC number
231-162-2
Molecular formula
Gd
UNII
AU0V1LM3JT
MDL number
MFCD00011022
InChIKey
UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/Gd
SMILES (canonical and isomeric)
[Gd]

Synonyms

  • Gadolinium, elemental
  • GD
  • Gadolinium Metallicum
  • Gadolinium atom
  • gadolinio
  • gadolinium(4+)
  • 64Gd
  • Gadolinium foil, 3N
  • Gadolinium Standard: Gd @ 1000 microg/mL in 5% HNO3
  • Gadolinium Standard: Gd @ 10000 microg/mL in 5% HNO3
  • Element-Gd
  • Element:Gd
  • Atomic Gadolinium
  • Gadolinium element
  • Gadolinium, chips
  • Element Gadolinium
  • Element:Gadolinium
  • Gd (element)
  • Gadolinium (atomic)
  • Gd Standard Solution
  • Gadolinium (element)
  • gadolinium(4+) ion
  • Gadolinium ingot, 3N
  • gadolinium(IV) cation
  • Gadolinium powder, 3N
Show all 35 synonyms
  • Gadolinium, 99.9%
  • Gadolinium powder, -200 mesh
  • Gd(4+)
  • Gadolinium Nanoparticle Dispersion
  • Gadolinium rod, 12.7mm (0.5in) dia
  • Gadolinium chips, 99.9%, 3N (REO)
  • Gadolinium foil, 99.9%, 3N (REO)
  • Gadolinium rod, 6.35mm (0.25in) dia
  • Gadolinium foil, 0.1mm (0.004in) thick
  • Gadolinium foil, 0.25mm (0.01in) thick

Physical and chemical properties

Measured values and descriptors computed from the structure

Physical and chemical properties

Measured values, check the supplier specification for your grade

Appearance
Silvery metal, hexagonalexp.
Melting point
1,313 °Cexp.
Boiling point
3,273 °Cexp.
Density
7.90 g/cm³exp.
Solubility
Soluble in dilute acidexp.
Vapour pressure
VP: 1 Pa at 1563 °C, 10 Pa at 1755 °C, 100 Pa at 1994 °C, 1 kPa at 2300 °C, 10 kPa at 2703 °C, 100 kPa at 3262 °C (calculated from ideal gas hermodynamic functions)exp.

Values vary by grade. Ask suppliers for the COA or TDS of the batch you buy.

Computed descriptors

Calculated from the structure, useful for screening and formulation

Molecular weight
157.25 g/molcalc.
Exact mass
157.9241 Dacalc.
LogP (octanol/water)
0calc.
Topological polar surface area
0 Ųcalc.
Hydrogen bond donors
0calc.
Hydrogen bond acceptors
0calc.
Rotatable bonds
0calc.
Heavy atoms
1calc.
Rings
0calc.
Aromatic rings
0calc.
Fraction sp3 carbons
0calc.
Formal charge
0calc.
Stereocentres
0calc.

Calculated for screening. Confirm critical figures with the supplier.

Safety and hazards

GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet

GHS signal word
Danger
GHS02: Flammable
Flammable

Hazard statements

  • H228Flammable solid.
  • H261In contact with water releases flammable gas.
Precautionary statements (8)
  • P210Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking.
  • P231 + P232Handle and store contents under inert gas. Protect from moisture.
  • P240Ground and bond container and receiving equipment.
  • P241Use explosion-proof electrical, ventilating and lighting equipment.
  • P280Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, eye protection and face protection.
  • P370 + P378In case of fire: Use appropriate media to extinguish.
  • P402 + P404Store in a dry place. Store in a closed container.
  • P501Dispose of contents and container in accordance with local regulations.

GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet (SDS). Classifications can differ by supplier, grade and concentration. Always check the supplier's SDS.

Full safety data and first aid

Gadolinium suppliers

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All 59 suppliers
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Where suppliers are based

59 suppliers in 14 countries

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Gadolinium price

Indicative price range per kg from live supplier offers

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Uses and applications

What the substance is used for, by industry and function

As little as 1% gadolinium has been found to improve the workability and resistance of iron, chromium, and related alloys to high temperature and oxidation.

It has been used in making gadolinium yttrium garnets, which have microwave applications.

Gadolinium has the highest thermal neutron capture cross-section of any known element... Natural gadolinium is a mixture of seven isotopes. Two of these, (155)Gd and (157)Gd, have excellent capture characteristics, but they are present naturally in low concentrations. As a result, gadolinium has a very fast burnout rate and has limited use as a nuclear control rod material.

Neutron shielding, ...phosphor activator, catalyst, scavenger for oxygen in titanium production.

Pharmacology

Gadolinium is an element with atomic symbol Gd, atomic number 64, and atomic weight 157.25.

How it is made

(1) Reduction of the (gadolinium) fluoride with calcium, (2) electrolysis of the (gadolinium) chloride with sodium chloride or potassium chloride in an iron pot that serves as an anode and graphite cathode.

Regulatory status

Inventories, regulations and trade controls that list this substance

Health and food

  • Active ingredient in FDA approved drug labels

United States

  • TSCA inventory (USA)
    Status: Active in US commerce

HS code and trade data

Customs classification and reported world trade statistics

Global trade

World import and export statistics for the HS code Gadolinium is traded under.

HS 2805.30Indicative HS code

Rare-earth metals, scandium and yttrium, whether or not intermixed or interalloyed

World exports in 2024
$385M
+7.4% vs 2023, imports $503M
2019 to 2024
Top exporters
  1. Vietnam * partner reported50.6%
  2. China24.9%
  3. Thailand17.1%
Top importers
  1. Japan49.0%
  2. Malaysia25.5%
  3. Vietnam * partner reported8.2%

* Partner reported figures, a lower bound.

Reported customs values in USD, not prices.Full trade data

The HS code shown for Gadolinium is indicative (it was assigned by structure rules). Confirm the classification with your customs broker before shipping.

Frequently asked questions

Quick answers about Gadolinium, based on the data on this page

What is Gadolinium?

Gadolinium(4+) is a gadolinium cation, a monoatomic tetracation and an elemental gadolinium.

What is the CAS number of Gadolinium?

The CAS registry number of Gadolinium is 7440-54-2. Other or deprecated CAS numbers: 13572-97-9.

What is the molecular formula and weight of Gadolinium?

The molecular formula of Gadolinium is Gd and its molar mass is 157.25 g/mol.

What is Gadolinium used for?

As little as 1% gadolinium has been found to improve the workability and resistance of iron, chromium, and related alloys to high temperature and oxidation. It has been used in making gadolinium yttrium garnets, which have microwave applications.

Is Gadolinium hazardous?

Gadolinium carries the GHS signal word "Danger". Main hazards: flammable solid, in contact with water releases flammable gas. This summary is not an SDS, always read the supplier safety data sheet.

What is the HS code of Gadolinium?

Gadolinium is usually classified under HS code 280530 (Rare-earth metals, scandium and yttrium, whether or not intermixed or interalloyed). This is indicative, confirm it with your customs broker before shipping.

Where can I buy Gadolinium?

CompoundList lists 59 suppliers of Gadolinium in United States, China, Germany, Spain and 10 more. Send one free request to get and compare quotes. Your contact details stay private until you accept a quote.

Where can I buy Gadolinium in India?

1 supplier in India list Gadolinium on CompoundList. Filter the suppliers list by country and send a request to compare prices, grades and delivery times.

What is the price of Gadolinium?

Suppliers quote Gadolinium on request because prices depend on grade, purity, quantity and destination. A free request on CompoundList gets you several quotes to compare.

Guides for buyers

Practical guides that help when you source, ship or handle Gadolinium

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Data last updated 7 Oct 2026. Details may have changed, please confirm them with the supplier. Report an error on this page
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