Hydrazine
Also known as Levoxine, Hydrazine base, Oxytreat 35
Key facts
What buyers check first
- Appearance
- Colorless oily liquid
- Melting point
- 1.5 °C
- Boiling point
- 113.5 °C
- Density
- 1.0036 g/cm³
- Flash point
- 52 °C
- HS code
- 282510
- Category
- Oxygen scavengers and boiler chemicals
- UN number
- UN 2029
What is Hydrazine?
Plain description, key identifiers and synonyms
Hydrazine is a member of hydrazines and an azane. It has a role as an EC 4.3.1.10 (serine-sulfate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor. It is a conjugate base of a hydrazinium(1+). It is a conjugate acid of a hydrazinide.
Identifiers
Registry numbers, names and line notations, tap to copy
- IUPAC name
- hydrazine
- CAS number
- 302-01-2 CAS number cross-checkedOther or deprecated CAS: 119775-10-9, 765253-49-4
- EC number
- 206-114-9
- Molecular formula
- H4N2
- UNII
- 27RFH0GB4R
- MDL number
- MFCD00011417
- InChIKey
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/H4N2/c1-2/h1-2H2
- SMILES (canonical and isomeric)
- NN
Synonyms
- Levoxine
- Hydrazine base
- Oxytreat 35
- Nitrogen hydride
- Hydrazin
- Hydrazyna
- Hydrazine, anhydrous
- Hydrazine (anhydrous)
- RCRA waste number U133
- Hydrazine anhydrous
- Amerzine
- H 70 (FUEL)
- Nitrogen hydride (n2h4)
- Diamine
- Diazane
- Hydrazines
- HDZ
- RCRA waste no. U133
- Hydrazine Standard: N2H4 @ 100 mg/L in 1% Acetic Acid
- Hydrazine Standard: N2H4 @ 1000 mg/L in 1% Acetic Acid
- amino nitrogen
- Zerox
- Catalyzed hydrazine
- Scav-Ox II
- Hydrazine (hydrazine sulfate)
Show all 33 synonymsShow fewer synonyms
- Zerox (Salt/Mix)
- Amerzine (Salt/Mix)
- Scav-Ox II (Salt/Mix)
- Hydrazine, anhydrous, 98%
- Nitrogen hydride, (N2H4)
- 302-01-2(Ethanol)
- UN 2029 (Salt/Mix)
- UN 2030 (Salt/Mix)
Physical and chemical properties
Measured values and descriptors computed from the structure
Physical and chemical properties
Measured values, check the supplier specification for your grade
| Appearance | Colorless oily liquidexp.Measured value |
|---|---|
| Odour | Penetrating odor resembling ammonia.exp.Measured value |
| Melting point | 1.5 °Cexp.Measured value |
| Boiling point | 113.5 °Cexp.Measured value |
| Density | 1.0036 g/cm³exp.Measured value |
| Flash point | 52 °Cexp.Measured value |
| Autoignition temperature | 38 °Cexp.Measured value |
| Solubility | Miscible with water /1.0 × 10⁺⁶ mg/L/exp.Measured value |
| Vapour pressure | 14.4 mm Hg at 25 °Cexp.Measured value |
Values vary by grade. Ask suppliers for the COA or TDS of the batch you buy.
Computed descriptors
Calculated from the structure, useful for screening and formulation
| Molecular weight | 32.05 g/molcalc.Computed value |
|---|---|
| Exact mass | 32.0374 Dacalc.Computed value |
| LogP (octanol/water) | -1.18calc.Computed value |
| Topological polar surface area | 52.04 Ųcalc.Computed value |
| Hydrogen bond donors | 2calc.Computed value |
| Hydrogen bond acceptors | 2calc.Computed value |
| Rotatable bonds | 0calc.Computed value |
| Heavy atoms | 2calc.Computed value |
| Rings | 0calc.Computed value |
| Aromatic rings | 0calc.Computed value |
| Fraction sp3 carbons | 0calc.Computed value |
| Formal charge | 0calc.Computed value |
| Stereocentres | 0calc.Computed value |
Calculated for screening. Confirm critical figures with the supplier.
Safety and hazards
GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet
Hazard statements
- H226Flammable liquid and vapour.
- H301Toxic if swallowed.
- H311Toxic in contact with skin.
- H314Causes severe skin burns and eye damage.
- H317May cause an allergic skin reaction.
- H331Toxic if inhaled.
- H350May cause cancer.
- H400Very toxic to aquatic life.
- H410Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects.
Precautionary statements (37)
- P203Obtain, read and follow all safety instructions before use.
- P210Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking.
- P233Keep container tightly closed.
- P240Ground and bond container and receiving equipment.
- P241Use explosion-proof electrical, ventilating and lighting equipment.
- P242Use non-sparking tools.
- P243Take action to prevent static discharges.
- P260Do not breathe dust, fume, gas, mist, vapours or spray.
- P261Avoid breathing dust, fume, gas, mist, vapours or spray.
- P262Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing.
- P264Wash skin thoroughly after handling.
- P270Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
- P271Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
- P272Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace.
- P273Avoid release to the environment.
- P280Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, eye protection and face protection.
- P301 + P316If swallowed: Get emergency medical help immediately.
- P301 + P330 + P331If swallowed: Rinse mouth. Do not induce vomiting.
- P302 + P352If on skin: Wash with plenty of water.
- P302 + P361 + P354If on skin: Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Immediately rinse with water for several minutes.
- P303 + P361 + P353If on skin (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water or shower.
- P304 + P340If inhaled: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing.
- P305 + P354 + P338If in eyes: Immediately rinse with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
- P316Get emergency medical help immediately.
- P318If exposed or concerned, get medical advice.
- P321Specific treatment (see supplemental first aid instructions on the label).
- P330Rinse mouth.
- P333 + P317If skin irritation or rash occurs: Get medical help.
- P361 + P364Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. And wash it before reuse.
- P362 + P364Take off contaminated clothing. And wash it before reuse.
- P363Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
- P370 + P378In case of fire: Use appropriate media to extinguish.
- P391Collect spillage.
- P403 + P233Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
- P403 + P235Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool.
- P405Store locked up.
- P501Dispose of contents and container in accordance with local regulations.
- UN number
- UN 2029
- Transport hazard class
- 8
- Packing group
- I
GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet (SDS). Classifications can differ by supplier, grade and concentration. Always check the supplier's SDS.
Full safety data and first aidHydrazine suppliers
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- France, Saint-Thibault-des-VignesUnclaimed profileHydrazineGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- United StatesUnclaimed profileHydrazineGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- France, CourbevoieUnclaimed profileHydrazineGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- Thailand, Lat KrabangUnclaimed profileHydrazineGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
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- Italy, Trezzano sul NaviglioUnclaimed profileHydrazineGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
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Where suppliers are based
64 suppliers in 18 countries
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Hydrazine price
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Uses and applications
What the substance is used for, by industry and function
Reducing agent for many transition metals and some nonmetals (arsenic, selenium, tellurium), as well as uranium and plutonium, corrosion inhibitor in boiler feedwater and reactor cooling water, wastewater treatment, electrolytic plating of metals on glass and plastics, nuclear fuel reprocessing, redox reactions, polymerization catalyst, shortstopping agent, fuel cells, blowing agent, scavenger for gases, drugs and agricultural chemicals (maleic hydrazide), component of high-energy fuels, rocket propellant.
Reagent in synthetic organic chemistry, used in manufacture of agricultural and pharmaceutical chemicals, spandex fibers, chemical blowing agents, and antioxidants. In water treatment for corrosion protection, in rocket fuels. Dihydrochloride as chlorine scavenger for HCl gas streams.
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Monohydrate as solvent for inorganic materials, as rocket engine propellant when mixed with methanol, and in manufacture of "Helman" catalyst, consisting of 80% hydrazine hydrate, 19.5% ethanol, 0.5 to 0.05% copper, used to decompose hydrogen peroxide in V-2 type rockets.
The principal applications of hydrazine solutions include chemical blowing agents, 40%, agricultural pesticides, 25%, and water treatment, 20%. The remaining 15% finds use in a variety of fields including pharmaceuticals, explosives, polymers and polymer additives, antioxidants, metal reductants, hydrogenation of organic groups, photography, xerography, and dyes.
Hydrazine is employed during nuclear power plants start-up operations to ensure that oxygen is not present to induce the stress-corrosion reaction.
Industries and functions
Pharmacological actions
- Antineoplastic Agents
- Carcinogens
Roles
- enzyme inhibitor
Pharmacology
Hydrazine is a highly reactive base and reducing agent used in many industrial and medical applications. In biological applications, hydrazine and its derivatives exhibit antidepressant properties by inhibiting monoamine oxidase (MAO), an enzyme that catalyzes the deamination and inactivation of certain stimulatory neurotransmitters such as norepinephrine and dopamine. In psychiatry, the use of hydrazine derivatives is limited due to the emergence of the tricyclic antidepressants. (NCI04)
How it is made
The preferred method is a two-step process: (1) reaction of sodium hypochlorite and ammonia to yield chloramine (NH2Cl) and sodium hydroxide, (2) reaction of chloramine, ammonia, and sodium hydroxide to yield hydrazine, sodium, chloride, and water. Noteworthy is the need to carry out the reactions in the presence of such colloidal materials as gelatin, glue, or starch to prevent unwanted side reactions that would reduce the yield of hydrazine. An older method utilized the reaction of sodium hypochlorite or calcium hypochlorite with urea.
In the Olin Raschig process ...
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the production of sodium hypochlorite is carefully controlled. A low temperature is used to prevent decomposition and chlorate formation, and the excess of sodium hydroxide is kept at a low level. The sodium hypochlorite solution is mixed with a threefold excess of ammonia at 5 °C to form chloramine, which is then rapidly added to a 30-fold molar excess of anhydrous ammonia under pressure (20-30 MPa) and heated to 130 °C. The reaction liquor containing 1-2% hydrazine hydrate, is treated as in the conventional Raschig process to give hydrazine hydrate. Anhydrous hydrazine is obtained by removing the water by azeotropic distillation with aniline in a column at atmospheric pressure. Condensation of the vapor yields a two-layer distillate, the aqueous phase is removed and the aniline phase refluxed to the top of the column.
Regulatory status
Inventories, regulations and trade controls that list this substance
Europe
- EU harmonised classification (CLP Annex VI)Index no: 007-008-00-3
Health and food
- EU Cosmetics Regulation Annex II, prohibited in cosmeticsName: Hydrazine, its derivatives and their salts, Ref no: 201, Annex ref: II/201
United States
- TSCA inventory (USA)Status: Active in US commerce
HS code and trade data
Customs classification and reported world trade statistics
Global trade
World import and export statistics for the HS code Hydrazine is traded under.
Hydrazine and hydroxylamine and their inorganic salts
- India * partner reported18.8%
- United States17.1%
- Belgium7.3%
* Partner reported figures, a lower bound.
The HS code shown for Hydrazine is indicative (it was matched by name in the HS nomenclature). Confirm the classification with your customs broker before shipping.
Related chemicals
Parent and salt forms, stereoisomers, similar structures and isomers
Stereoisomers and isotopic forms
Same connectivity, different stereochemistry or isotopes (same InChIKey skeleton)
Similar structures
Nearest neighbours by Morgan fingerprint Tanimoto similarity
Frequently asked questions
Quick answers about Hydrazine, based on the data on this page
What is Hydrazine?
What is the CAS number of Hydrazine?
What is the molecular formula and weight of Hydrazine?
What is Hydrazine used for?
Is Hydrazine hazardous?
What is the HS code of Hydrazine?
Where can I buy Hydrazine?
Where can I buy Hydrazine in India?
What is the price of Hydrazine?
Guides for buyers
Practical guides that help when you source, ship or handle Hydrazine
- Guide, SafetyHow to read a safety data sheet in 10 minutesA section by section method to pull the essentials out of any 16 section SDS: identity, hazards, composition, storage, PPE, properties, transport and emergency measures.Read
- Guide, Trade and logisticsShipping dangerous goods: UN numbers, classes and packing groupsHow the UN dangerous goods system works for chemicals, from the nine classes and UN numbers to packing groups, UN packaging marks, labels, documents and segregation.Read
- Guide, SafetyGHS pictograms, signal words and hazard statements explainedA practical guide to the nine GHS pictograms, the signal words Danger and Warning, H and P statements, and how to read a chemical label in seconds.Read
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