Malonic acid
Also known as propanedioic acid, Dicarboxymethane, Carboxyacetic acid
Key facts
What buyers check first
- Appearance
- White crystals
- Melting point
- 135 to 137
- Boiling point
- >140
- Density
- 1.619 g/cm³ at 10 °C
- Solubility
- In water, 6.23 × 10⁺⁵ mg/L at 25 °C
- HS code
- 291719
- Category
- Cosmetic ingredients
What is Malonic acid?
Plain description, key identifiers and synonyms
Malonic acid is an alpha,-dicarboxylic acid in which the two carboxy groups are separated by a single methylene group. It has a role as a human metabolite. It is a conjugate acid of a malonate(1-).
Identifiers
Registry numbers, names and line notations, tap to copy
- IUPAC name
- propanedioic acid
- CAS number
- 141-82-2 CAS number cross-checkedOther or deprecated CAS: 478695-70-4, 63524-05-0, 87205-08-1
- EC numbers
- 205-503-0, 639-080-2
- Molecular formula
- C3H4O4
- UNII
- 9KX7ZMG0MK
- MDL number
- MFCD00002707
- INCI name
- MALONIC ACID
- InChIKey
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C3H4O4/c4-2(5)1-3(6)7/h1H2,(H,4,5)(H,6,7)
- SMILES (canonical and isomeric)
- C(C(=O)O)C(=O)O
Synonyms
- propanedioic acid
- Dicarboxymethane
- Carboxyacetic acid
- Methanedicarboxylic acid
- malonate
- Kyselina malonova
- USAF EK-695
- 1,3-Propanedioic acid
- malonyl
- disodium, malonate
- hydron, propanedioate
- Dicarboxylic acid
- Propane-1,3-dioic acid
- Methanedicarbonic acid
- Malonicacid
- alpha,omega-Dicarboxylic acid
- 1,3-Propanoic acid
- Thallium malonate
- Propanediolic acid
- Metahnedicarboxylic acid
- H2malo
- 2fah
- MLI
- Malonic acid-13C3
- Malonic acid, 99%
Show all 33 synonymsShow fewer synonyms
- Malonic acid (8CI)
- 1o4m
- HOOC-CH2-COOH
- Malonate dicarboxylic acid
- Propanedioic acid (9CI)
- CH2(COOH)2
- 4-02-00-01874 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
- Propanedioic acid dithallium salt
Physical and chemical properties
Measured values and descriptors computed from the structure
Physical and chemical properties
Measured values, check the supplier specification for your grade
| Appearance | White crystalsexp.Measured value |
|---|---|
| Melting point | 135 to 137exp.Measured value |
| Boiling point | >140exp.Measured value |
| Density | 1.619 g/cm³ at 10 °Cexp.Measured value |
| Solubility | In water, 6.23 × 10⁺⁵ mg/L at 25 °Cexp.Measured value |
| Vapour pressure | 2.7 × 10⁻⁶ mm Hg at 23 °Cexp.Measured value |
Values vary by grade. Ask suppliers for the COA or TDS of the batch you buy.
Computed descriptors
Calculated from the structure, useful for screening and formulation
| Molecular weight | 104.06 g/molcalc.Computed value |
|---|---|
| Exact mass | 104.011 Dacalc.Computed value |
| LogP (octanol/water) | -0.45calc.Computed value |
| Topological polar surface area | 74.6 Ųcalc.Computed value |
| Hydrogen bond donors | 2calc.Computed value |
| Hydrogen bond acceptors | 2calc.Computed value |
| Rotatable bonds | 2calc.Computed value |
| Heavy atoms | 7calc.Computed value |
| Rings | 0calc.Computed value |
| Aromatic rings | 0calc.Computed value |
| Fraction sp3 carbons | 0.33calc.Computed value |
| Formal charge | 0calc.Computed value |
| Stereocentres | 0calc.Computed value |
| Lipinski rule of five | Passes (0 violations)calc.Computed value |
Calculated for screening. Confirm critical figures with the supplier.
Safety and hazards
GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet
Hazard statements
- H302Harmful if swallowed.
- H315Causes skin irritation.
- H318Causes serious eye damage.
- H319Causes serious eye irritation.
- H335May cause respiratory irritation.
Precautionary statements (21)
- P261Avoid breathing dust, fume, gas, mist, vapours or spray.
- P264Wash skin thoroughly after handling.
- P264 + P265Wash skin thoroughly after handling. Do not touch eyes.
- P270Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
- P271Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
- P280Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, eye protection and face protection.
- P301 + P317If swallowed: Get medical help.
- P302 + P352If on skin: Wash with plenty of water.
- P304 + P340If inhaled: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing.
- P305 + P351 + P338If in eyes: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
- P305 + P354 + P338If in eyes: Immediately rinse with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
- P317Get medical help.
- P319Get medical help if you feel unwell.
- P321Specific treatment (see supplemental first aid instructions on the label).
- P330Rinse mouth.
- P332 + P317If skin irritation occurs: Get medical help.
- P337 + P317If eye irritation persists: Get medical help.
- P362 + P364Take off contaminated clothing. And wash it before reuse.
- P403 + P233Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
- P405Store locked up.
- P501Dispose of contents and container in accordance with local regulations.
GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet (SDS). Classifications can differ by supplier, grade and concentration. Always check the supplier's SDS.
Full safety data and first aidMalonic acid suppliers
Sponsored listings first, then the documented ranking: membership, verification, replies, completeness, freshness and ratings
- India, Navi MumbaiUnclaimed profileMalonic AcidGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- China, Suqian ManufacturerUnclaimed profileMalonic AcidGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- Germany, HamburgUnclaimed profileMalonic AcidGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- Spain, ValenciaUnclaimed profileMalonic AcidGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- Switzerland, Gamsen ManufacturerUnclaimed profileMalonic AcidGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- China, NantongUnclaimed profileMalonic AcidGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- China, ShanghaiUnclaimed profileMalonic AcidGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- China, ShanghaiUnclaimed profileMalonic AcidGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- China, Changzhou ManufacturerUnclaimed profileMalonic AcidGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- China, ChangzhouUnclaimed profileMalonic AcidGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
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Where suppliers are based
140 suppliers in 17 countries
- China59
- United States31
- India11
- Germany8
- United Kingdom8
- Spain4
- and 11 more countries
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Malonic acid price
Indicative price range per kg from live supplier offers
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Uses and applications
What the substance is used for, by industry and function
Intermediate for barbiturates and pharmaceuticals.
Malonic acid is used for the introduction of an acetic acid moiety under mild conditions by Knoevenagel condensation and subsequent decarboxylation. Examples include the preparation of cinnamic acid, used for the production of the anti-inflammatory cinmetacin and 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamic acid, the key intermediate of the vasodilators cinepazet and cinepazide. The fragrance gamma-nonanoic lactone is available by Knoevenagel condensation of malonic acid with heptaldehyde followed by ring closure.
(The) diethyl ester is used in syntheses of vitamins B1 and B6, barbiturates, and numerous other valuable compounds. Malonic acid itself is rather unstable and has few applications.
Malonic acid may be used as a cross-linking agent between corn starch and potato starch to improve its mechanical properties.
Veterinary medication:.
Industrial uses: Chelating agent, Etching agent, Plating agent, Abrasives.
Use classes: Cosmetics.
Cosmetic ingredient, INCI name MALONIC ACID(buffering)
Roles
- animal metabolite
- eukaryotic metabolite
- human metabolite
- mammalian metabolite
- metabolite
Functional uses
- Flavouring and nutrient
- pH regulating agent
Cosmetic functions
- Buffering
How it is made
Malonic acid is usually produced by hydrolysis of cyanoacetic acid or by acid saponification of malonates. Alternative more recently reported methods for the preparation of malonic acid are the ozonolysis of cyclopentadiene, the palladium-catalyzed air oxidation of 1,3-propanediol, the platinum group metalcatalyzed oxidation of 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde or 3-hydroxypropionic acid and the use of malononitrile as a substrate for a nitrilase.
From monochloroacetic acid by reaction with potassium cyanide followed by hydrolysis.
Regulatory status
Inventories, regulations and trade controls that list this substance
Health and food
- EU cosmetic ingredient inventory
United States
- TSCA inventory (USA)Status: Active in US commerce
HS code and trade data
Customs classification and reported world trade statistics
Global trade
World import and export statistics for the HS code Malonic acid is traded under.
Acyclic polycarboxylic acids, their anhydrides, halides, peroxides, peroxyacids and…
- China46.6%
- United States13.7%
- Germany10.1%
- United States16.2%
- Denmark11.8%
- Germany10.0%
The HS code shown for Malonic acid is indicative (it was assigned by structure rules). Confirm the classification with your customs broker before shipping.
Related chemicals
Parent and salt forms, stereoisomers, similar structures and isomers
Salt and hydrate forms
Records that share this compound as their parent
Stereoisomers and isotopic forms
Same connectivity, different stereochemistry or isotopes (same InChIKey skeleton)
Similar structures
Nearest neighbours by Morgan fingerprint Tanimoto similarity
Same formula isomers
Different compounds that share this molecular formula
Frequently asked questions
Quick answers about Malonic acid, based on the data on this page
What is Malonic acid?
What is the CAS number of Malonic acid?
What is the molecular formula and weight of Malonic acid?
What is Malonic acid used for?
Is Malonic acid hazardous?
What is the HS code of Malonic acid?
Where can I buy Malonic acid?
Where can I buy Malonic acid in India?
What is the price of Malonic acid?
Guides for buyers
Practical guides that help when you source, ship or handle Malonic acid
- Article, FormulationHow to choose a cosmetic emulsifierA structured way to choose an emulsifier for creams and lotions: emulsion type, HLB and its limits, emulsifier families, formula fit, stability testing and what to ask suppliers.Read
- Guide, SafetyHow to read a safety data sheet in 10 minutesA section by section method to pull the essentials out of any 16 section SDS: identity, hazards, composition, storage, PPE, properties, transport and emergency measures.Read
- Guide, SafetyGHS pictograms, signal words and hazard statements explainedA practical guide to the nine GHS pictograms, the signal words Danger and Warning, H and P statements, and how to read a chemical label in seconds.Read
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