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Nitrates and nitrites

Sodium nitrite

Also known as Nitrous acid, sodium salt, Nitrite, sodium, Erinitrit

CAS 7632-00-0Formula NNaO2Molar mass 69.00 g/molEC 231-555-9
GHS signal word: Danger. Pictograms: Oxidiser, Acute toxicity (severe), Hazardous to the environment 362 suppliers listed Drug substance
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Sodium nitrite chemical structure, NNaO2, CAS 7632-00-0
2D chemical structure

Key facts

What buyers check first

All properties
Appearance
White, orthorhombic crystals
Melting point
271 °C
Boiling point
320 °C
Density
2.2 g/cm³
Solubility
Sol in water, moderately sol in methanol, sparingly soluble in diethyl ether
HS code
283410
Category
Nitrates and nitrites
UN number
UN 1500
Illustrative photo, colourless crystals in small glass vials on a laboratory bench
Typical packagingIllustrative packaging image, not the actual product

What is Sodium nitrite?

Plain description, key identifiers and synonyms

Sodium nitrite is an inorganic sodium salt having nitrite as the counterion. Used as a food preservative and antidote to cyanide poisoning. It has a role as an antihypertensive agent, a poison, an antimicrobial food preservative, a food antioxidant and an antidote to cyanide poisoning. It is an inorganic sodium salt and a nitrite salt.

Identifiers

Registry numbers, names and line notations, tap to copy

IUPAC name
sodium nitrite
CAS number
7632-00-0 CAS number cross-checked
EC number
231-555-9
Molecular formula
NNaO2
UNII
M0KG633D4F
MDL number
MFCD00011118
INCI name
SODIUM NITRITE
InChIKey
LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M
InChI
InChI=1S/HNO2.Na/c2-1-3;/h(H,2,3);/q;+1/p-1
SMILES (canonical and isomeric)
N(=O)[O-].[Na+]

Synonyms

  • Nitrous acid, sodium salt
  • Nitrite, sodium
  • Erinitrit
  • Filmerine
  • Natrium nitrit
  • Nitrito sodico
  • Anti-rust
  • Nitrite de sodium
  • Natrum nitrosum
  • Azotyn sodowy
  • Dusitan sodny
  • Synfat 1004
  • Nitrous acid soda
  • NaNO2
  • Natrii nitris
  • INS NO.250
  • Sodium nitrite (USP)
  • sodium, nitrite
  • NNaO2
  • sodiumnitrite
  • natrium nitrite
  • sodium nitrit
  • Ribavirin Impurity 5
  • Sodium nitrite ACS grade
  • Acidified sodium nitrite (ASN)

Physical and chemical properties

Measured values and descriptors computed from the structure

Physical and chemical properties

Measured values, check the supplier specification for your grade

Appearance
White, orthorhombic crystalsexp.
Taste
Slightly salty tasteexp.
Melting point
271 °Cexp.
Boiling point
320 °Cexp.
Density
2.2 g/cm³exp.
Autoignition temperature
537.8 °Cexp.
Solubility
Sol in water, moderately sol in methanol, sparingly soluble in diethyl etherexp.

Values vary by grade. Ask suppliers for the COA or TDS of the batch you buy.

Computed descriptors

Calculated from the structure, useful for screening and formulation

Molecular weight
69.00 g/molcalc.
Exact mass
68.9827 Dacalc.
LogP (octanol/water)
-2.75calc.
Topological polar surface area
52.49 Ųcalc.
Hydrogen bond donors
0calc.
Hydrogen bond acceptors
3calc.
Rotatable bonds
0calc.
Heavy atoms
4calc.
Rings
0calc.
Aromatic rings
0calc.
Fraction sp3 carbons
0calc.
Formal charge
0calc.
Stereocentres
0calc.
Components
2calc.

Calculated for screening. Confirm critical figures with the supplier.

Safety and hazards

GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet

GHS signal word
Danger
GHS03: Oxidiser
Oxidiser
GHS06: Acute toxicity (severe)
Acute toxicity (severe)
GHS09: Hazardous to the environment
Hazardous to the environment

Hazard statements

  • H272May intensify fire, oxidiser.
  • H301Toxic if swallowed.
  • H400Very toxic to aquatic life.
Precautionary statements (13)
  • P210Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking.
  • P220Keep away from clothing and other combustible materials.
  • P264Wash skin thoroughly after handling.
  • P270Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
  • P273Avoid release to the environment.
  • P280Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, eye protection and face protection.
  • P301 + P316If swallowed: Get emergency medical help immediately.
  • P321Specific treatment (see supplemental first aid instructions on the label).
  • P330Rinse mouth.
  • P370 + P378In case of fire: Use appropriate media to extinguish.
  • P391Collect spillage.
  • P405Store locked up.
  • P501Dispose of contents and container in accordance with local regulations.
UN number
UN 1500
Transport hazard class
5.1
Packing group
III

GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet (SDS). Classifications can differ by supplier, grade and concentration. Always check the supplier's SDS.

Full safety data and first aid

Sodium nitrite suppliers

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All 362 suppliers
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Where suppliers are based

362 suppliers in 43 countries

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Sodium nitrite price

Indicative price range per kg from live supplier offers

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Uses and applications

What the substance is used for, by industry and function

The active ingredient is no longer contained in any registered products ... "cancelled.".

Component of heat-transfer salts, chem in metal treatment & finishing operations, component of detinning solution & multipurpose greases, agent for recovery of tin from scrap.

Serves as an anti-corrosion inhibitor for multipurpose greases.

Large amounts of sodium nitrite are consumed in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries for the production of nitroso and isonitroso compounds, diazotization reactions (especially for dyes), and the synthesis of pharmaceuticals (e.g., caffeine) and agricultural pesticides (e.g., pyramin).

Industrial uses: Defoamer, Oxidizing agent, Propellants, non-motive (blowing agents), Intermediate, Pigment, Adhesion/cohesion promoter, Etching agent, Flocculating agent.

Consumer uses: UV stabilizer, Anti-freeze agent, Lubricating agent, Other, Anti-scaling agent, Drier, Corrosion inhibitor.

Use classes: Food additives, Cosmetics.

Cosmetic ingredient, INCI name SODIUM NITRITE(anticorrosive)

Pharmacological actions

  • Food Preservatives
  • Indicators and Reagents

Roles

  • additive
  • anti-anaemic agent
  • anti-asthmatic agent
  • antidote
  • antidote to cyanide poisoning
  • antihypertensive agent
  • antiinfective agent
  • antimalarial
  • antimicrobial agent
  • antimicrobial drug
  • antimicrobial food preservative
  • antiparasitic agent
  • antiplasmodial drug
  • antiprotozoal drug
  • cardiovascular drug
  • food additive
  • food antioxidant
  • food preservative
  • geroprotector
  • hypoglycemic agent
  • pharmaceutical
  • poison
  • protective agent
  • renoprotective agent

Functional uses

  • Antioxidant
  • Biocide
  • Corrosion inhibitor
  • Dye
  • Flavouring and nutrient
  • Food preservative
  • Pharmaceutical
  • Preservative
  • Processing aids not otherwise specified
  • Propellants, non-motive (blowing agents)
  • pH regulating agent

Cosmetic functions

  • Anticorrosive

How it is made

By heating sodium nitrate until it fuses ... adding sufficient metallic lead to completely reduce nitrate to nitrite. ... mixt is lixiviated with water, filtered, partially evaporated, & allowed to crystallize.

Synthesized by a number of chemical reactions involving the reduction of sodium nitrate by exposure to heat, light, and ionizing radiation, addition of lead metal to fused sodium nitrate at 400-450 °C, reaction of the nitrate in the presence of sodium ferrate and nitric oxide at about 400 °C, contacting molten sodium nitrate with hydrogen, and electrolyte reduction of sodium nitrate in a cell having a cation-exchange membrane, rhodium-plated titanium anode, and lead cathode.

Reaction of nitrogen oxides with sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide solution.

Regulatory status

Inventories, regulations and trade controls that list this substance

Europe

  • EU harmonised classification (CLP Annex VI)
    Index no: 007-010-00-4

Health and food

  • EU cosmetic ingredient inventory
  • EU Cosmetics Regulation Annex III, restricted in cosmetics
    Name: SODIUM NITRITE, Ref no: 17, Annex ref: III/17
  • Active ingredient in FDA approved drug labels
  • Food additive

United States

  • TSCA inventory (USA)
    Status: Active in US commerce, Regulatory flags: Significant new use rule

HS code and trade data

Customs classification and reported world trade statistics

Global trade

World import and export statistics for the HS code Sodium nitrite is traded under.

HS 2834.10Indicative HS code

Nitrites

World exports in 2024
$64.9M
−6.3% vs 2023, imports $101M
2019 to 2024
Top exporters
  1. China33.8%
  2. India * partner reported30.0%
  3. United States11.3%
Top importers
  1. United States14.9%
  2. Netherlands10.2%
  3. Canada6.0%

* Partner reported figures, a lower bound.

Reported customs values in USD, not prices.Full trade data

The HS code shown for Sodium nitrite is indicative (it was assigned by structure rules). Confirm the classification with your customs broker before shipping.

Frequently asked questions

Quick answers about Sodium nitrite, based on the data on this page

What is Sodium nitrite?

Sodium nitrite is an inorganic sodium salt having nitrite as the counterion. Used as a food preservative and antidote to cyanide poisoning. It has a role as an antihypertensive agent, a poison, an antimicrobial food preservative, a food antioxidant and an antidote to cyanide poisoning.

What is the CAS number of Sodium nitrite?

The CAS registry number of Sodium nitrite is 7632-00-0.

What is the molecular formula and weight of Sodium nitrite?

The molecular formula of Sodium nitrite is NNaO2 and its molar mass is 69.00 g/mol.

What is Sodium nitrite used for?

The active ingredient is no longer contained in any registered products ... "cancelled.". Component of heat-transfer salts, chem in metal treatment & finishing operations, component of detinning solution & multipurpose greases, agent for recovery of tin from scrap.

Is Sodium nitrite hazardous?

Sodium nitrite carries the GHS signal word "Danger". Main hazards: may intensify fire, oxidiser, toxic if swallowed, very toxic to aquatic life. This summary is not an SDS, always read the supplier safety data sheet.

What is the HS code of Sodium nitrite?

Sodium nitrite is usually classified under HS code 283410 (Nitrites). This is indicative, confirm it with your customs broker before shipping.

Where can I buy Sodium nitrite?

CompoundList lists 362 suppliers of Sodium nitrite in United States, India, China, United Kingdom and 39 more. Send one free request to get and compare quotes. Your contact details stay private until you accept a quote.

Where can I buy Sodium nitrite in India?

78 suppliers in India list Sodium nitrite on CompoundList. Filter the suppliers list by country and send a request to compare prices, grades and delivery times.

What is the price of Sodium nitrite?

Suppliers quote Sodium nitrite on request because prices depend on grade, purity, quantity and destination. A free request on CompoundList gets you several quotes to compare.

Guides for buyers

Practical guides that help when you source, ship or handle Sodium nitrite

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Data last updated 7 Oct 2026. Details may have changed, please confirm them with the supplier. Report an error on this page
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