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Vitamins and nutraceutical actives

Thiamine

Also known as thiamin, vitamin B1, Aneurin

CAS 59-43-8Formula C12H17N4OS+Molar mass 265.36 g/molEC 200-425-3
139 suppliers listed Drug substance
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Thiamine chemical structure, C12H17N4OS+, CAS 59-43-8
2D chemical structure

Key facts

What buyers check first

All properties
Appearance
Crystals from water
Melting point
164 °C
Solubility
MONONITRATE IS MUCH LESS SOL IN WATER THAN HYDROCHLORIDE
HS code
293622
Category
Vitamins and nutraceutical actives
Illustrative photo, closed jumbo bulk bags in a warehouse in a warehouse
Typical packagingIllustrative packaging image, not the actual product

What is Thiamine?

Plain description, key identifiers and synonyms

Thiamine(1+) is a primary alcohol that is 1,3-thiazol-3-ium substituted by (4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl, methyl and 2-hydroxyethyl groups at positions 3, 4 and 5, respectively. It has a role as a mouse metabolite, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a human metabolite. It is a primary alcohol and a vitamin B1. It is a conjugate base of a thiamine(2+).

Identifiers

Registry numbers, names and line notations, tap to copy

IUPAC name
2-[3-[(4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl]-4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-3-ium-5-yl]ethanol
CAS number
59-43-8 CAS number cross-checkedOther or deprecated CAS: 70-16-6
EC number
200-425-3
Molecular formula
C12H17N4OS+
UNII
4ABT0J945J
InChIKey
JZRWCGZRTZMZEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C12H17N4OS/c1-8-11(3-4-17)18-7-16(8)6-10-5-14-9(2)15-12(10)13/h5,7,17H,3-4,6H2,1-2H3,(H2,13,14,15)/q+1
SMILES (canonical and isomeric)
CC1=C(SC=[N+]1CC2=CN=C(N=C2N)C)CCO

Synonyms

  • thiamin
  • vitamin B1
  • Aneurin
  • Antiberiberi factor
  • Betaxin
  • thiaminium
  • Bewon
  • thiamine(1+) ion
  • Betabion
  • Thiaminal
  • Trophite
  • Vinothiam
  • Lixa-beta
  • Vetalin S
  • 3-[(4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl]-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-3-ium
  • Vitamin B 1
  • Oryzanine
  • Thiamine, chloride
  • B-Amin
  • 2-[3-[(4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl]-4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-3-ium-5-yl]ethanol
  • 3-(4-Amino-2-methyl-pyrimidin-5-ylmethyl)-5-(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-4-methyl-thiazol-3-ium
  • Thiazolium, 3-((4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl)-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methyl-chloride
  • vitaminum b1
  • vitamin-b1
  • 2-(3-((4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl)-4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-3-ium-5-yl)ethanol
Show all 38 synonyms
  • 3-((4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl)-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-3-ium
  • B1 Vitamin
  • PureVita Vitamin B1
  • Thiamine HCL 100 mg
  • Thiazolium, 3-((4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl)-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methyl-, chloride (1:1)
  • 2-(3-((4-amino-2-methyl-pyrimidin-5-yl)methyl)-4-methyl-1-thia-3-azoniacyclopenta-2,4-dien-5-yl)ethanol
  • 3-((4-Amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl)-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazolium chloride
  • Aneurine
  • Apatate Drape
  • Beivon
  • Bethiamin
  • Oryzanin
  • Thiacoat

Physical and chemical properties

Measured values and descriptors computed from the structure

Physical and chemical properties

Measured values, check the supplier specification for your grade

Appearance
Crystals from waterexp.
Odour
SLIGHT, CHARACTERISTICexp.
Melting point
164 °Cexp.
Solubility
MONONITRATE IS MUCH LESS SOL IN WATER THAN HYDROCHLORIDEexp.

Values vary by grade. Ask suppliers for the COA or TDS of the batch you buy.

Computed descriptors

Calculated from the structure, useful for screening and formulation

Molecular weight
265.36 g/molcalc.
Exact mass
265.1118 Dacalc.
LogP (octanol/water)
0.61calc.
Topological polar surface area
75.91 Ųcalc.
Hydrogen bond donors
2calc.
Hydrogen bond acceptors
5calc.
Rotatable bonds
4calc.
Heavy atoms
18calc.
Rings
2calc.
Aromatic rings
2calc.
Fraction sp3 carbons
0.42calc.
Formal charge
1calc.
Stereocentres
0calc.
Lipinski rule of five
Passes (0 violations)calc.

Calculated for screening. Confirm critical figures with the supplier.

Murcko scaffold

The ring system that remains when every side chain is removed

Murcko scaffold of this chemical, c1ncc(C[n+]2ccsc2)cn1

c1ncc(C[n+]2ccsc2)cn1

2 rings, 12 atoms.

84 other chemicals share this scaffold

Safety and hazards

GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet

GHS classification
Hazard pictograms

GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet (SDS). Classifications can differ by supplier, grade and concentration. Always check the supplier's SDS.

Full safety data and first aid

Thiamine suppliers

Sponsored listings first, then the documented ranking: membership, verification, replies, completeness, freshness and ratings

All 139 suppliers
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Where suppliers are based

139 suppliers in 37 countries

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Thiamine price

Indicative price range per kg from live supplier offers

No published prices right now

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Uses and applications

What the substance is used for, by industry and function

Prevention and treatment of vitamin B1 deficiency.

Medicine, nutrition, enriched flours. Isolated usually as the chloride ... Available as thiamine hydrochloride and thiamine mononitrate.

Reported uses

Table: Reported uses (ppm): (Flavor and Extract Manufacturers' Association) [Table#841].

Therapeutic category: Vitamin (enzyme cofactor).

Pharmacological actions

  • Vitamin B Complex

Roles

  • Escherichia coli metabolite
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
  • animal metabolite
  • anti-anaemic agent
  • bacterial metabolite
  • cardiovascular drug
  • eukaryotic metabolite
  • fungal metabolite
  • human metabolite
  • immunomodulator
  • immunosuppressive agent
  • mammalian metabolite
  • metabolite
  • mouse metabolite
  • pharmaceutical
  • prokaryotic metabolite
  • protective agent
  • renoprotective agent

Functional uses

  • Flavouring and nutrient

Pharmacology

Thiamine is a heat-labile and water-soluble essential vitamin, belonging to the vitamin B family, with antioxidant, erythropoietic, mood modulating, and glucose-regulating activities. Thiamine reacts with adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to form an active coenzyme, thiamine pyrophosphate. Thiamine pyrophosphate is necessary for the actions of pyruvate dehydrogenase and alpha-ketoglutarate in carbohydrate metabolism and for the actions of transketolase, an enzyme that plays an important role in the pentose phosphate pathway. Thiamine plays a key role in intracellular glucose metabolism and may inhibit the action of glucose and insulin on arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation. Thiamine may also protect against lead toxicity by inhibiting lead-induced lipid peroxidation.

How it is made

(A method for the chemical synthesis of thiamine) constructs the thiazole ring on a preformed pyrimidine intermediate. Thiamine manufacturers generally follow this approach. Some use malonitrile as the starting material for construction of the 4-amino-5-aminomethyl-2-methylpyrimidine ring (also called Grewe diamine).

Read more

Others start with acrylonitrile but all proceed via the key Grewe diamine intermediate through to thiothiamine.

/A method for the chemical synthesis of thiamine consists of separate syntheses of 4-amino-5-bromomethyl-2-methylpyrimidine hydrobromide and of the thiazole moiety or its acetate. Condensation of the two intermediate heterocycles gives thiamine bromide hydrobromide which is converted to thiamine chloride hydrochloride by treatment with silver chloride in methanol or with an ion-exchange resin.

Reaction of 5-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole with 2-methyl-4-amino-5-bromomethylpyrimidine, hydrogen bromide salt, followed by neutralization and reaction with hydrochloric acid

Regulatory status

Inventories, regulations and trade controls that list this substance

Health and food

  • Active ingredient in FDA approved drug labels

United States

  • TSCA inventory (USA)
    Status: Active in US commerce

HS code and trade data

Customs classification and reported world trade statistics

Global trade

World import and export statistics for the HS code Thiamine is traded under.

HS 2936.22Exact HS code

Vitamin B1 and its derivatives

World exports in 2024
$413M
+26.7% vs 2023, imports $377M
2019 to 2024
Top exporters
  1. China50.5%
  2. Netherlands19.4%
  3. Germany19.1%
Top importers
  1. Netherlands28.6%
  2. United States13.2%
  3. India * partner reported5.7%

* Partner reported figures, a lower bound.

Reported customs values in USD, not prices.Full trade data

The HS code shown for Thiamine is indicative (it was matched by name in the HS nomenclature). Confirm the classification with your customs broker before shipping.

Frequently asked questions

Quick answers about Thiamine, based on the data on this page

What is Thiamine?

Thiamine(1+) is a primary alcohol that is 1,3-thiazol-3-ium substituted by (4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl, methyl and 2-hydroxyethyl groups at positions 3, 4 and 5, respectively. It has a role as a mouse metabolite, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a human metabolite.

What is the CAS number of Thiamine?

The CAS registry number of Thiamine is 59-43-8. Other or deprecated CAS numbers: 70-16-6.

What is the molecular formula and weight of Thiamine?

The molecular formula of Thiamine is C12H17N4OS+ and its molar mass is 265.36 g/mol.

What is Thiamine used for?

Prevention and treatment of vitamin B1 deficiency. Medicine, nutrition, enriched flours. Isolated usually as the chloride ... Available as thiamine hydrochloride and thiamine mononitrate. Reported uses Table: Reported uses (ppm): (Flavor and Extract Manufacturers' Association) [Table#841].

Is Thiamine hazardous?

No GHS hazard classification for Thiamine is recorded on CompoundList yet. That does not prove it is safe. Always read the supplier safety data sheet.

What is the HS code of Thiamine?

Thiamine is usually classified under HS code 293622 (Vitamin B1 and its derivatives). This is indicative, confirm it with your customs broker before shipping.

Where can I buy Thiamine?

CompoundList lists 139 suppliers of Thiamine in China, India, United States, Germany and 33 more. Send one free request to get and compare quotes. Your contact details stay private until you accept a quote.

Where can I buy Thiamine in India?

20 suppliers in India list Thiamine on CompoundList. Filter the suppliers list by country and send a request to compare prices, grades and delivery times.

What is the price of Thiamine?

Suppliers quote Thiamine on request because prices depend on grade, purity, quantity and destination. A free request on CompoundList gets you several quotes to compare.

Guides for buyers

Practical guides that help when you source, ship or handle Thiamine

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Data last updated 7 Oct 2026. Details may have changed, please confirm them with the supplier. Report an error on this page
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