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Central nervous system drugs

Procaine

Also known as 2-(Diethylamino)ethyl 4-aminobenzoate, Spinocaine, Procain

CAS 59-46-1Formula C13H20N2O2Molar mass 236.32 g/molEC 200-426-9
GHS signal word: Warning. Pictograms: Harmful or irritant 94 suppliers listed Drug substance
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Procaine chemical structure, C13H20N2O2, CAS 59-46-1
2D chemical structure

Key facts

What buyers check first

All properties
Appearance
Anhydrous plates, tables from ligroin or ether
Melting point
61 ยฐC
Solubility
Crystals, mp 153-156 ยฐC, sol in water, alcohol /Nitrate/
HS code
292249
Category
Central nervous system drugs
Illustrative photo, closed white HDPE bottles and amber jars on a laboratory bench
Typical packagingIllustrative packaging image, not the actual product

What is Procaine?

Plain description, key identifiers and synonyms

Procaine is a benzoate ester, formally the result of esterification of 4-aminobenzoic acid with 2-diethylaminoethanol but formed experimentally by reaction of ethyl 4-aminobenzoate with 2-diethylaminoethanol. It has a role as a central nervous system depressant, a local anaesthetic, a peripheral nervous system drug and a drug allergen. It is a benzoate ester, a substituted aniline and a tertiary amino compound. It is functionally related to a 4-aminobenzoic acid and a 2-diethylaminoethanol. It is a conjugate base of a procaine(1+).

Identifiers

Registry numbers, names and line notations, tap to copy

IUPAC name
2-(diethylamino)ethyl 4-aminobenzoate
CAS number
59-46-1 CAS number cross-checked
EC number
200-426-9
Molecular formula
C13H20N2O2
UNII
4Z8Y51M438
MDL number
MFCD00007893
InChIKey
MFDFERRIHVXMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C13H20N2O2/c1-3-15(4-2)9-10-17-13(16)11-5-7-12(14)8-6-11/h5-8H,3-4,9-10,14H2,1-2H3
SMILES (canonical and isomeric)
CCN(CC)CCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(C=C1)N

Synonyms

  • 2-(Diethylamino)ethyl 4-aminobenzoate
  • Spinocaine
  • Procain
  • Vitamin H3
  • Duracaine
  • Nissocaine
  • Novocaine
  • Procaine, base
  • Procaina
  • Scurocaine
  • Benzoic acid, 4-amino-, 2-(diethylamino)ethyl ester
  • Procainum
  • 2-Diethylaminoethyl 4-aminobenzoate
  • Diethylaminoethyl p-aminobenzoate
  • 2-Diethylaminoethyl p-aminobenzoate
  • p-Aminobenzoic acid 2-diethylaminoethyl ester
  • 4-Aminobenzoic acid diethylaminoethyl ester
  • Benzoic acid, p-amino-, 2-(diethylamino)ethyl ester
  • beta-Diethylaminoethyl 4-aminobenzoate
  • beta-(Diethylamino)ethyl 4-aminobenzoate
  • beta-(Diethylamino)ethyl p-aminobenzoate
  • 4-Aminobenzoic acid 2-diethylaminoethyl ester
  • 4-14-00-01138 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
  • novocainum (for the hydrochloride)
  • Gerovital
Show all 38 synonyms
  • Norocaine
  • Novocain
  • p-Aminobenzoyldiethylaminoethanol
  • Allocaine
  • 2-(Diethylamino)ethyl-4-aminobenzoate
  • Procaine (INN)
  • p-Aminobenzyoyldiethylaminoethanol
  • 2-Diethylaminoethylester kyseliny p-aminobenzoove
  • 4-Amino-benzoic acid 2-diethylamino-ethyl ester
  • 2-(Diethylamino)ethyl p-aminobenzoate
  • 4-Aminobenzoic acid 2-(diethylamino) ethyl ester
  • Factor H3
  • Stoff H3

Physical and chemical properties

Measured values and descriptors computed from the structure

Physical and chemical properties

Measured values, check the supplier specification for your grade

Appearance
Anhydrous plates, tables from ligroin or etherexp.
Melting point
61 ยฐCexp.
Solubility
Crystals, mp 153-156 ยฐC, sol in water, alcohol /Nitrate/exp.

Values vary by grade. Ask suppliers for the COA or TDS of the batch you buy.

Computed descriptors

Calculated from the structure, useful for screening and formulation

Molecular weight
236.32 g/molcalc.
Exact mass
236.1525 Dacalc.
LogP (octanol/water)
1.77calc.
Topological polar surface area
55.56 ร…ยฒcalc.
Hydrogen bond donors
1calc.
Hydrogen bond acceptors
4calc.
Rotatable bonds
6calc.
Heavy atoms
17calc.
Rings
1calc.
Aromatic rings
1calc.
Fraction sp3 carbons
0.46calc.
Formal charge
0calc.
Stereocentres
0calc.
Lipinski rule of five
Passes (0 violations)calc.

Calculated for screening. Confirm critical figures with the supplier.

Murcko scaffold

The ring system that remains when every side chain is removed

Murcko scaffold of this chemical, c1ccccc1

c1ccccc1

1 ring, 6 atoms, the Benzene ring system.

485,677 other chemicals share this scaffold

Safety and hazards

GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet

GHS signal word
Warning
GHS07: Harmful or irritant
Harmful or irritant

Hazard statements

  • H302Harmful if swallowed.
Precautionary statements (5)
  • P264Wash skin thoroughly after handling.
  • P270Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
  • P301 + P317If swallowed: Get medical help.
  • P330Rinse mouth.
  • P501Dispose of contents and container in accordance with local regulations.

GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet (SDS). Classifications can differ by supplier, grade and concentration. Always check the supplier's SDS.

Full safety data and first aid

Procaine suppliers

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All 94 suppliers
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Where suppliers are based

94 suppliers in 18 countries

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Procaine price

Indicative price range per kg from live supplier offers

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Uses and applications

What the substance is used for, by industry and function

Use classes: Pharmaceuticals.

Industries and functions

Pharmacological actions

  • Anesthetics, Local

Roles

  • aetiopathogenetic role
  • allergen
  • anaesthetic
  • central nervous system depressant
  • central nervous system drug
  • drug allergen
  • local anaesthetic
  • peripheral nervous system drug
  • pharmaceutical

Pharmacology

Procaine is a benzoic acid derivative with local anesthetic and antiarrhythmic properties. Procaine binds to and inhibits voltage-gated sodium channels, thereby inhibiting the ionic flux required for the initiation and conduction of impulses. In addition, this agent increases electrical excitation threshold, reduces rate of rise of action potential and slows nerve impulse propagation thereby causing loss of sensation.

How it is made

Usually prepd by interaction of 2-diethylaminoethanol with p-nitrobenzoyl chloride, followed by reduction of 2-diethylaminoethyl p-nitrobenzoate, or by esterifying p-aminobenzoic acid with 2-diethylaminoethanol using h2so4 as catalyst: us patent 812,554 (1906).

Prepn: A. Einhorn, U.S pat 812,554 (1906), Idem, Ann. 371, 125 (1909), A. Einhorn, E. Uhlfelder, ibid. 131.

(1) By heating chloroethyl-p-nitrobenzoic ester with diethylamine for 24 hours under pressure at 120 ยฐC. The product is then reduced with tin and hydrochloric acid. (2) By condensation of ethylene chlorohydrin with diethylamine. The chloroethyldiethylamine formed is heated with sodium-p-aminobenzoate. (Hydrochloride)

Regulatory status

Inventories, regulations and trade controls that list this substance

Health and food

  • Active ingredient in FDA approved drug labels

HS code and trade data

Customs classification and reported world trade statistics

Global trade

World import and export statistics for the HS code Procaine is traded under.

HS 2922.49Indicative HS code

Amino-acids, other than those containing more than one kind of oxygen function, andโ€ฆ

World exports in 2024
$3.88B
โˆ’11.5% vs 2023, imports $3.87B
2019 to 2024
Top exporters
  1. China38.7%
  2. India * partner reported8.3%
  3. Germany8.1%
Top importers
  1. United States13.4%
  2. Germany11.1%
  3. Japan6.6%

* Partner reported figures, a lower bound.

Reported customs values in USD, not prices.Full trade data

The HS code shown for Procaine is indicative (it was assigned by structure rules). Confirm the classification with your customs broker before shipping.

Frequently asked questions

Quick answers about Procaine, based on the data on this page

What is Procaine?

Procaine is a benzoate ester, formally the result of esterification of 4-aminobenzoic acid with 2-diethylaminoethanol but formed experimentally by reaction of ethyl 4-aminobenzoate with 2-diethylaminoethanol.

What is the CAS number of Procaine?

The CAS registry number of Procaine is 59-46-1.

What is the molecular formula and weight of Procaine?

The molecular formula of Procaine is C13H20N2O2 and its molar mass is 236.32 g/mol.

What is Procaine used for?

Use classes: Pharmaceuticals.

Is Procaine hazardous?

Procaine carries the GHS signal word "Warning". Main hazards: harmful if swallowed. This summary is not an SDS, always read the supplier safety data sheet.

What is the HS code of Procaine?

Procaine is usually classified under HS code 292249 (Amino-acids, other than those containing more than one kind of oxygen function, andโ€ฆ). This is indicative, confirm it with your customs broker before shipping.

Where can I buy Procaine?

CompoundList lists 94 suppliers of Procaine in United States, China, Germany, Spain and 14 more. Send one free request to get and compare quotes. Your contact details stay private until you accept a quote.

Where can I buy Procaine in India?

4 suppliers in India list Procaine on CompoundList. Filter the suppliers list by country and send a request to compare prices, grades and delivery times.

What is the price of Procaine?

Suppliers quote Procaine on request because prices depend on grade, purity, quantity and destination. A free request on CompoundList gets you several quotes to compare.

Guides for buyers

Practical guides that help when you source, ship or handle Procaine

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Data last updated 7 Oct 2026. Details may have changed, please confirm them with the supplier. Report an error on this page
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