Acetaminophen
Also known as Paracetamol, 4-Acetamidophenol, N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)acetamide
Key facts
What buyers check first
- Appearance
- Large monoclinic prisms from water
- Melting point
- 168 °C
- Boiling point
- >500
- Density
- 1.293 g/cm³ at 21 °C
- Solubility
- In water, 14,000 mg/L at 25 °C
- HS code
- 292429
- Category
- Analgesics and anti-inflammatories
What is Acetaminophen?
Plain description, key identifiers and synonyms
Paracetamol is a member of the class of phenols that is 4-aminophenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group has been replaced by an acetyl group. It has a role as a ferroptosis inducer, a geroprotector, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, a non-narcotic analgesic, an antipyretic, a xenobiotic, a cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, a cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor, a hepatotoxic agent, a cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor, an environmental contaminant and a human blood serum metabolite. It is a member of acetamides and a member of phenols. It is functionally related to a 4-aminophenol.
Acetaminophen is a chemical compound with antipyretic and pain relieving properties.
Identifiers
Registry numbers, names and line notations, tap to copy
- IUPAC name
- N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamide
- CAS number
- 103-90-2 CAS number cross-checked
- EC number
- 203-157-5
- Molecular formula
- C8H9NO2
- UNII
- 362O9ITL9D
- MDL number
- MFCD00002328
- INCI name
- ACETAMINOPHEN
- InChIKey
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C8H9NO2/c1-6(10)9-7-2-4-8(11)5-3-7/h2-5,11H,1H3,(H,9,10)
- SMILES (canonical and isomeric)
- CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(C=C1)O
Synonyms
- Paracetamol
- 4-Acetamidophenol
- N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)acetamide
- Tylenol
- APAP
- 4'-Hydroxyacetanilide
- Datril
- Panadol
- N-Acetyl-p-aminophenol
- Acetaminofen
- Algotropyl
- p-Acetamidophenol
- p-Hydroxyacetanilide
- Doliprane
- Acamol
- Anelix
- Lonarid
- Naprinol
- Abensanil
- Acetagesic
- Acetalgin
- Alvedon
- Anaflon
- Apamide
- Clixodyne
Show all 39 synonymsShow fewer synonyms
- Dymadon
- Injectapap
- Valadol
- Alpiny
- Amadil
- Anhiba
- Calpol
- Eneril
- Multin
- Tempra
- Dirox
- p-Acetaminophenol
- Biocetamol
- Febridol
Physical and chemical properties
Measured values and descriptors computed from the structure
Physical and chemical properties
Measured values, check the supplier specification for your grade
| Appearance | Large monoclinic prisms from waterexp.Measured value |
|---|---|
| Odour | Odorlessexp.Measured value |
| Taste | Slightly bitter tasteexp.Measured value |
| Melting point | 168 °Cexp.Measured value |
| Boiling point | >500exp.Measured value |
| Density | 1.293 g/cm³ at 21 °Cexp.Measured value |
| Autoignition temperature | 540 °Cexp.Measured value |
| Solubility | In water, 14,000 mg/L at 25 °Cexp.Measured value |
| Vapour pressure | 6.29 × 10⁻⁵ mm Hg at 25 °Cexp.Measured value |
Values vary by grade. Ask suppliers for the COA or TDS of the batch you buy.
Computed descriptors
Calculated from the structure, useful for screening and formulation
| Molecular weight | 151.17 g/molcalc.Computed value |
|---|---|
| Exact mass | 151.0633 Dacalc.Computed value |
| LogP (octanol/water) | 1.35calc.Computed value |
| Topological polar surface area | 49.33 Ųcalc.Computed value |
| Hydrogen bond donors | 2calc.Computed value |
| Hydrogen bond acceptors | 2calc.Computed value |
| Rotatable bonds | 1calc.Computed value |
| Heavy atoms | 11calc.Computed value |
| Rings | 1calc.Computed value |
| Aromatic rings | 1calc.Computed value |
| Fraction sp3 carbons | 0.13calc.Computed value |
| Formal charge | 0calc.Computed value |
| Stereocentres | 0calc.Computed value |
| Lipinski rule of five | Passes (0 violations)calc.Computed value |
Calculated for screening. Confirm critical figures with the supplier.
Murcko scaffold
The ring system that remains when every side chain is removed
Safety and hazards
GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet
Hazard statements
- H302Harmful if swallowed.
- H315Causes skin irritation.
- H319Causes serious eye irritation.
- H412Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects.
Precautionary statements (14)
- P264Wash skin thoroughly after handling.
- P264 + P265Wash skin thoroughly after handling. Do not touch eyes.
- P270Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
- P273Avoid release to the environment.
- P280Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, eye protection and face protection.
- P301 + P317If swallowed: Get medical help.
- P302 + P352If on skin: Wash with plenty of water.
- P305 + P351 + P338If in eyes: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
- P321Specific treatment (see supplemental first aid instructions on the label).
- P330Rinse mouth.
- P332 + P317If skin irritation occurs: Get medical help.
- P337 + P317If eye irritation persists: Get medical help.
- P362 + P364Take off contaminated clothing. And wash it before reuse.
- P501Dispose of contents and container in accordance with local regulations.
GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet (SDS). Classifications can differ by supplier, grade and concentration. Always check the supplier's SDS.
Full safety data and first aidAcetaminophen suppliers
Sponsored listings first, then the documented ranking: membership, verification, replies, completeness, freshness and ratings
- China, GuangzhouUnclaimed profileParacetamolGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- Germany, HamburgUnclaimed profileParacetamolGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- Thailand, SamphanthawongUnclaimed profileParacetamolGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- Poland, WołówUnclaimed profileParacetamolGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- Bangladesh, Gazipur ManufacturerUnclaimed profileParacetamolGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- United StatesUnclaimed profileAcetaminophenGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- ChinaUnclaimed profileParacetamolGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- ChinaUnclaimed profileAcetaminophenGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- United StatesUnclaimed profileAcetaminophenGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
- PolandUnclaimed profileParacetamolGrade, purity and minimum order on requestPrice on request
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Where suppliers are based
360 suppliers in 60 countries
- India87
- China70
- United States43
- Bangladesh18
- Pakistan11
- Germany10
- and 54 more countries
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Acetaminophen price
Indicative price range per kg from live supplier offers
Suppliers quote this chemical on request. Send one free request and compare quotes side by side.
Uses and applications
What the substance is used for, by industry and function
Manufacture of azo dyes, photographic chemicals.
Stabilizer for hydrogen peroxide.
An analgesic used as an aspirin substitute.
Analgesics, Non-Narcotic, Antipyretics.
Use classes: Cosmetics, Pharmaceuticals.
Industries and functions
Cosmetic ingredient, INCI name ACETAMINOPHEN(skin conditioning)
Pharmacological actions
- Analgesics, Non-Narcotic
- Antipyretics
Roles
- analgesic
- anti-arrhythmia drug
- anti-inflammatory agent
- antiemetic
- antiglaucoma drug
- antihypertensive agent
- antiinfective agent
- antimalarial
- antineoplastic agent
- antiparkinson drug
- antipyretic
- antirheumatic drug
- anxiolytic drug
- environmental contaminant
- geroprotector
- hypoglycemic agent
- immunosuppressive agent
- neuroprotective agent
- non-narcotic analgesic
- non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
- ophthalmology drug
- renoprotective agent
- vulnerary
- xenobiotic
Functional uses
- Pharmaceutical
- Softener and conditioner
- Stabilizing agent
Cosmetic functions
- Skin conditioning
Pharmacology
Acetaminophen is a p-aminophenol derivative with analgesic and antipyretic activities. Although the exact mechanism through which acetaminophen exert its effects has yet to be fully determined, acetaminophen may inhibit the nitric oxide (NO) pathway mediated by a variety of neurotransmitter receptors including N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and substance P, resulting in elevation of the pain threshold. The antipyretic activity may result from inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis and release in the central nervous system (CNS) and prostaglandin-mediated effects on the heat-regulating center in the anterior hypothalamus.
How it is made
P-Nitrophenol is reduced and the resulting p-aminophenol is acetylated by means of heating with a mixture of acetic anhydride and glacial acetic acid. The crude product may be purified by recrystallization from an ethanol-water mixture.
Production is by the acetylation of 4-aminophenol. This can be achieved with acetic acid and acetic anhydride at 80 °C, with acetic anhydride in pyridine at 100 °C, with acetyl chloride and pyridine in toluene at 60 °C, or by the action of ketene in alcoholic suspension. 4-Hydroxyacetanilide also may be synthesized directly from 4-nitrophenol.
Read more
The available reduction-acetylation systems include tin with acetic acid, hydrogenation over Pd-C in acetic anhydride, and hydrogenation over platinum in acetic acid.
Preparation: ... Wilbert, De Angelis, United States of America patent 2998450 (1961 to Warner-Lambert).
Regulatory status
Inventories, regulations and trade controls that list this substance
Health and food
- EU cosmetic ingredient inventory
- Active ingredient in FDA approved drug labels
United States
- TSCA inventory (USA)Status: Active in US commerce
HS code and trade data
Customs classification and reported world trade statistics
Global trade
World import and export statistics for the HS code Acetaminophen is traded under.
Cyclic amides (including cyclic carbamates) and their derivatives, salts thereof, other
- China32.3%
- Switzerland * partner reported13.6%
- Norway * partner reported12.8%
- United States15.9%
- Ireland15.8%
- Germany11.9%
* Partner reported figures, a lower bound.
The HS code shown for Acetaminophen is indicative (it was assigned by structure rules). Confirm the classification with your customs broker before shipping.
Related chemicals
Parent and salt forms, stereoisomers, similar structures and isomers
Salt and hydrate forms
Records that share this compound as their parent
Stereoisomers and isotopic forms
Same connectivity, different stereochemistry or isotopes (same InChIKey skeleton)
Similar structures
Nearest neighbours by Morgan fingerprint Tanimoto similarity
![N-[4-[(4-Hydroxyphenyl)amino]phenyl]acetamide chemical structure, C14H14N2O2, CAS 93629-82-4](/s/GBRJDIQXAKADHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N.svg)
Same formula isomers
Different compounds that share this molecular formula
Frequently asked questions
Quick answers about Acetaminophen, based on the data on this page
What is Acetaminophen?
What is the CAS number of Acetaminophen?
What is the molecular formula and weight of Acetaminophen?
What is Acetaminophen used for?
Is Acetaminophen hazardous?
What is the HS code of Acetaminophen?
Where can I buy Acetaminophen?
Where can I buy Acetaminophen in India?
What is the price of Acetaminophen?
Guides for buyers
Practical guides that help when you source, ship or handle Acetaminophen
- Article, QualityPharma grades explained: IP vs BP vs USP vs EPWhat the Indian, British, US and European pharmacopoeias are, how their monographs differ, what multi grade claims mean and why a grade alone does not make a product fit for medicines.Read
- Guide, SafetyHow to read a safety data sheet in 10 minutesA section by section method to pull the essentials out of any 16 section SDS: identity, hazards, composition, storage, PPE, properties, transport and emergency measures.Read
- Guide, SafetyGHS pictograms, signal words and hazard statements explainedA practical guide to the nine GHS pictograms, the signal words Danger and Warning, H and P statements, and how to read a chemical label in seconds.Read
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