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Central nervous system drugs

Ethosuximide

Also known as Zarontin, Etosuximida, 3-Ethyl-3-methylpyrrolidine-2,5-dione

CAS 77-67-8Formula C7H11NO2Molar mass 141.17 g/molEC 201-048-7
GHS signal word: Warning. Pictograms: Harmful or irritant 86 suppliers listed Drug substance
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Ethosuximide chemical structure, C7H11NO2, CAS 77-67-8
2D chemical structure

Key facts

What buyers check first

All properties
Appearance
Crystals from acetone and ether
Melting point
64 to 65
Solubility
Freely soluble in water
HS code
292519
Category
Central nervous system drugs
Illustrative photo, assorted laboratory chemical bottles and jars on a laboratory bench
Typical packagingIllustrative packaging image, not the actual product

What is Ethosuximide?

Plain description, key identifiers and synonyms

Ethosuximide is a dicarboximide that is pyrrolidine-2,5-dione in which the hydrogens at position 3 are substituted by one methyl and one ethyl group. An antiepileptic, it is used in the treatment of absence seizures and may be used for myoclonic seizures, but is ineffective against tonic-clonic seizures. It has a role as a geroprotector, a T-type calcium channel blocker and an anticonvulsant. It is a dicarboximide and a pyrrolidinone.

Identifiers

Registry numbers, names and line notations, tap to copy

IUPAC name
3-ethyl-3-methylpyrrolidine-2,5-dione
CAS number
77-67-8 CAS number cross-checked
EC number
201-048-7
Molecular formula
C7H11NO2
UNII
5SEH9X1D1D
MDL number
MFCD00072123
InChIKey
HAPOVYFOVVWLRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C7H11NO2/c1-3-7(2)4-5(9)8-6(7)10/h3-4H2,1-2H3,(H,8,9,10)
SMILES (canonical and isomeric)
CCC1(CC(=O)NC1=O)C

Synonyms

  • Zarontin
  • Etosuximida
  • 3-Ethyl-3-methylpyrrolidine-2,5-dione
  • 2-Ethyl-2-methylsuccinimide
  • Ethosuxide
  • Pyknolepsinum
  • Emeside
  • Suxilep
  • Ethosuccimide
  • Ethosuccinimide
  • Atysmal
  • Suxinutin
  • Etosuximid
  • Petinimid
  • Zarondan
  • Aethosuximide
  • Thilopemal
  • 3-Ethyl-3-methyl-2,5-pyrrolidinedione
  • Ethosuximidum
  • 3-Methyl-3-ethylsuccinimide
  • 2-Methyl-2-ethylsuccinimide
  • 3-Ethyl-3-methylsuccinimide
  • 2,5-Pyrrolidinedione, 3-ethyl-3-methyl-
  • Etosuccimide
  • Succinimide, 2-ethyl-2-methyl-
Show all 38 synonyms
  • CN-10,395
  • gamma-Methyl-gamma-ethyl-succinimide
  • PM 671
  • alpha-Ethyl-alpha-methylsuccinimide
  • alpha-Methyl-alpha-ethylsuccinimide
  • 3-Methyl-3-ethylpyrrolidine-2,5-dione
  • (+-)-2-Ethyl-2-methylsuccinimide
  • gamma-ethyl-gamma-methyl-succinimide
  • CI 366
  • Ethosuccimid
  • Ethylmethylsuccimide
  • Faes, Etosuximida
  • 3-ethyl-5-hydroxy-3-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-one

Physical and chemical properties

Measured values and descriptors computed from the structure

Physical and chemical properties

Measured values, check the supplier specification for your grade

Appearance
Crystals from acetone and etherexp.
Odour
CHARACTERISTIC ODORexp.
Melting point
64 to 65exp.
Solubility
Freely soluble in waterexp.

Values vary by grade. Ask suppliers for the COA or TDS of the batch you buy.

Computed descriptors

Calculated from the structure, useful for screening and formulation

Molecular weight
141.17 g/molcalc.
Exact mass
141.079 Dacalc.
LogP (octanol/water)
0.45calc.
Topological polar surface area
46.17 Ųcalc.
Hydrogen bond donors
1calc.
Hydrogen bond acceptors
2calc.
Rotatable bonds
1calc.
Heavy atoms
10calc.
Rings
1calc.
Aromatic rings
0calc.
Fraction sp3 carbons
0.71calc.
Formal charge
0calc.
Stereocentres
1calc.
Lipinski rule of five
Passes (0 violations)calc.

Calculated for screening. Confirm critical figures with the supplier.

Murcko scaffold

The ring system that remains when every side chain is removed

Murcko scaffold of this chemical, O=C1CCC(=O)N1

O=C1CCC(=O)N1

1 ring, 7 atoms, the Succinimide ring system.

1,276 other chemicals share this scaffold

Safety and hazards

GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet

GHS signal word
Warning
GHS07: Harmful or irritant
Harmful or irritant

Hazard statements

  • H302Harmful if swallowed.
Precautionary statements (5)
  • P264Wash skin thoroughly after handling.
  • P270Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
  • P301 + P317If swallowed: Get medical help.
  • P330Rinse mouth.
  • P501Dispose of contents and container in accordance with local regulations.

GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet (SDS). Classifications can differ by supplier, grade and concentration. Always check the supplier's SDS.

Full safety data and first aid

Ethosuximide suppliers

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All 86 suppliers
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Where suppliers are based

86 suppliers in 15 countries

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Ethosuximide price

Indicative price range per kg from live supplier offers

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Uses and applications

What the substance is used for, by industry and function

Antiepileptic.

Therapeutic category: Anticonvulsant.

Use classes: Pharmaceuticals.

Pharmacological actions

  • Anticonvulsants

Roles

  • T-type calcium channel blocker
  • analgesic
  • antagonist
  • anticonvulsant
  • antidepressant
  • antispasmodic drug
  • biophysical role
  • calcium channel blocker
  • calcium channel modulator
  • central nervous system depressant
  • central nervous system drug
  • geroprotector
  • membrane transport modulator
  • muscle relaxant
  • neuromuscular agent
  • pharmaceutical
  • protective agent
  • psychotropic drug

Pharmacology

Ethosuximide is an Anti-epileptic Agent. The physiologic effect of ethosuximide is by means of Decreased Central Nervous System Disorganized Electrical Activity.

How it is made

The condensation of butanone with cyano ethyl acetate and subsequent reaction with NaCN and H2SO4 gives 2-ethyl-2-methyl-succinic acid, which is ring-closed via the diammonium salt to yield ethosuximide.

Methyl ethyl ketone + ethyl cyanoacetate + hydrogen cyanide + ammonia (Cope reaction/addition/nitrile hydrolysis/decarboxylation/ester hydrolysis/amide formation)

Regulatory status

Inventories, regulations and trade controls that list this substance

Health and food

  • Active ingredient in FDA approved drug labels

HS code and trade data

Customs classification and reported world trade statistics

Global trade

World import and export statistics for the HS code Ethosuximide is traded under.

HS 2925.19Indicative HS code

Imides and their derivatives, salts thereof, other

World exports in 2024
$295M
+11.7% vs 2023, imports $348M
2019 to 2024
Top exporters
  1. China29.7%
  2. Japan22.7%
  3. United Kingdom10.0%
Top importers
  1. United States12.7%
  2. Brazil12.6%
  3. China10.5%
Reported customs values in USD, not prices.Full trade data

The HS code shown for Ethosuximide is indicative (it was assigned by structure rules). Confirm the classification with your customs broker before shipping.

Frequently asked questions

Quick answers about Ethosuximide, based on the data on this page

What is Ethosuximide?

Ethosuximide is a dicarboximide that is pyrrolidine-2,5-dione in which the hydrogens at position 3 are substituted by one methyl and one ethyl group. An antiepileptic, it is used in the treatment of absence seizures and may be used for myoclonic seizures, but is ineffective against tonic-clonic seizures.

What is the CAS number of Ethosuximide?

The CAS registry number of Ethosuximide is 77-67-8.

What is the molecular formula and weight of Ethosuximide?

The molecular formula of Ethosuximide is C7H11NO2 and its molar mass is 141.17 g/mol.

What is Ethosuximide used for?

Antiepileptic. Therapeutic category: Anticonvulsant. Use classes: Pharmaceuticals.

Is Ethosuximide hazardous?

Ethosuximide carries the GHS signal word "Warning". Main hazards: harmful if swallowed. This summary is not an SDS, always read the supplier safety data sheet.

What is the HS code of Ethosuximide?

Ethosuximide is usually classified under HS code 292519 (Imides and their derivatives, salts thereof, other). This is indicative, confirm it with your customs broker before shipping.

Where can I buy Ethosuximide?

CompoundList lists 86 suppliers of Ethosuximide in United States, China, United Kingdom, Germany and 11 more. Send one free request to get and compare quotes. Your contact details stay private until you accept a quote.

What is the price of Ethosuximide?

Suppliers quote Ethosuximide on request because prices depend on grade, purity, quantity and destination. A free request on CompoundList gets you several quotes to compare.

Guides for buyers

Practical guides that help when you source, ship or handle Ethosuximide

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Data last updated 7 Oct 2026. Details may have changed, please confirm them with the supplier. Report an error on this page
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