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Heterocyclic building blocks

Histamine

Also known as 2-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)ethanamine, Ergamine, Ergotidine

CAS 51-45-6Formula C5H9N3Molar mass 111.15 g/molEC 200-100-6
GHS signal word: Danger. Pictograms: Acute toxicity (severe), Harmful or irritant, Serious health hazard 102 suppliers listed Drug substance
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Histamine chemical structure, C5H9N3, CAS 51-45-6
2D chemical structure

Key facts

What buyers check first

All properties
Appearance
Needles from chloroform
Melting point
83 to 84
Boiling point
209 to 210
Solubility
COLORLESS LONG PRISMATIC CRYSTALS, ODORLESS, 1 G SOL IN ABOUT 4 ML WATER, AQ SOLN IS ACI…
HS code
293329
Category
Heterocyclic building blocks
Illustrative photo, closed white HDPE bottles and amber jars on a laboratory bench
Typical packagingIllustrative packaging image, not the actual product

What is Histamine?

Plain description, key identifiers and synonyms

Histamine is a member of the class of imidazoles that is 1H-imidazole substituted at position C-4 by a 2-aminoethyl group. It has a role as a neurotransmitter, a mouse metabolite and a human metabolite. It is a member of imidazoles and an aralkylamino compound. It is a conjugate base of a histaminium.

Identifiers

Registry numbers, names and line notations, tap to copy

IUPAC name
2-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)ethanamine
CAS number
51-45-6 CAS number cross-checkedOther or deprecated CAS: 117932-92-0
EC number
200-100-6
Molecular formula
C5H9N3
UNII
820484N8I3
MDL number
MFCD00005210
InChIKey
NTYJJOPFIAHURM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C5H9N3/c6-2-1-5-3-7-4-8-5/h3-4H,1-2,6H2,(H,7,8)
SMILES (canonical and isomeric)
C1=C(NC=N1)CCN

Synonyms

  • 2-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)ethanamine
  • Ergamine
  • Ergotidine
  • 1H-Imidazole-4-ethanamine
  • 2-(4-Imidazolyl)ethylamine
  • 5-Imidazoleethylamine
  • Eramin
  • Theramine
  • Free histamine
  • beta-Aminoethylglyoxaline
  • beta-Aminoethylimidazole
  • 4-(2-Aminoethyl)-1H-imidazole
  • 4-Imidazoleethylamine
  • Imidazole-4-ethylamine
  • beta-Imidazolyl-4-ethylamine
  • Imidazole, 4-(2-aminoethyl)-
  • 2-[4-Imidazolyl]ethylamine
  • 2-(3H-imidazol-4-yl)ethanamine
  • Aleroff
  • 2-(1H-Imidazol-4-yl)ethanamine
  • 2-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)ethan-1-amine
  • 2-Imidazol-4-ylethylamine
  • Histamine Base
  • Histamine, Free Base
  • Istamina
Show all 36 synonyms
  • 1H-Imidazole-5-ethanamine
  • 2-(3H-Imidazol-4-yl)-ethylamine
  • Ethylamine, 2-imidazol-4-yl-
  • L-histamine
  • [3H]histamine
  • beta-aminothethylglyoxaline
  • L-Histamin base
  • 2-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)ethan-1-amine
  • 2-imidazol-5-ylethylamine
  • 4-(2-Aminoethyl)imidazole
  • 4-(2-aminoethyl)-imidazol

Physical and chemical properties

Measured values and descriptors computed from the structure

Physical and chemical properties

Measured values, check the supplier specification for your grade

Appearance
Needles from chloroformexp.
Melting point
83 to 84exp.
Boiling point
209 to 210exp.
Solubility
COLORLESS LONG PRISMATIC CRYSTALS, ODORLESS, 1 G SOL IN ABOUT 4 ML WATER, AQ SOLN IS ACID TO LITMUS, WHEN DRIED AT 105 °C FOR 2 HR, IT MELTS AT ABOUT 140 °C /PHOSPHATE/exp.

Values vary by grade. Ask suppliers for the COA or TDS of the batch you buy.

Computed descriptors

Calculated from the structure, useful for screening and formulation

Molecular weight
111.15 g/molcalc.
Exact mass
111.0796 Dacalc.
LogP (octanol/water)
-0.09calc.
Topological polar surface area
54.7 Ųcalc.
Hydrogen bond donors
2calc.
Hydrogen bond acceptors
2calc.
Rotatable bonds
2calc.
Heavy atoms
8calc.
Rings
1calc.
Aromatic rings
1calc.
Fraction sp3 carbons
0.4calc.
Formal charge
0calc.
Stereocentres
0calc.
Lipinski rule of five
Passes (0 violations)calc.

Calculated for screening. Confirm critical figures with the supplier.

Murcko scaffold

The ring system that remains when every side chain is removed

Murcko scaffold of this chemical, c1c[nH]cn1

c1c[nH]cn1

1 ring, 5 atoms, the Imidazole ring system.

14,448 other chemicals share this scaffold

Safety and hazards

GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet

GHS signal word
Danger
GHS06: Acute toxicity (severe)
Acute toxicity (severe)
GHS07: Harmful or irritant
Harmful or irritant
GHS08: Serious health hazard
Serious health hazard

Hazard statements

  • H301Toxic if swallowed.
  • H315Causes skin irritation.
  • H317May cause an allergic skin reaction.
  • H319Causes serious eye irritation.
  • H334May cause allergy or asthma symptoms or breathing difficulties if inhaled.
  • H335May cause respiratory irritation.
Precautionary statements (26)
  • P233Keep container tightly closed.
  • P260Do not breathe dust, fume, gas, mist, vapours or spray.
  • P261Avoid breathing dust, fume, gas, mist, vapours or spray.
  • P264Wash skin thoroughly after handling.
  • P264 + P265Wash skin thoroughly after handling. Do not touch eyes.
  • P270Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
  • P271Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
  • P272Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace.
  • P280Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, eye protection and face protection.
  • P284In case of inadequate ventilation wear respiratory protection.
  • P301 + P316If swallowed: Get emergency medical help immediately.
  • P302 + P352If on skin: Wash with plenty of water.
  • P304 + P340If inhaled: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing.
  • P305 + P351 + P338If in eyes: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
  • P319Get medical help if you feel unwell.
  • P321Specific treatment (see supplemental first aid instructions on the label).
  • P330Rinse mouth.
  • P332 + P317If skin irritation occurs: Get medical help.
  • P333 + P317If skin irritation or rash occurs: Get medical help.
  • P337 + P317If eye irritation persists: Get medical help.
  • P342 + P316If experiencing respiratory symptoms: Get emergency medical help immediately.
  • P362 + P364Take off contaminated clothing. And wash it before reuse.
  • P403Store in a well-ventilated place.
  • P403 + P233Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
  • P405Store locked up.
  • P501Dispose of contents and container in accordance with local regulations.

GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet (SDS). Classifications can differ by supplier, grade and concentration. Always check the supplier's SDS.

Full safety data and first aid

Histamine suppliers

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All 102 suppliers
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Where suppliers are based

102 suppliers in 15 countries

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Histamine price

Indicative price range per kg from live supplier offers

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Uses and applications

What the substance is used for, by industry and function

Pharmacological actions

  • Histamine Agonists

Roles

  • animal metabolite
  • anti-asthmatic agent
  • anti-inflammatory agent
  • antineoplastic agent
  • eukaryotic metabolite
  • human metabolite
  • immunomodulator
  • immunosuppressive agent
  • mammalian metabolite
  • metabolite
  • molecular messenger
  • mouse metabolite
  • neurotransmitter
  • pharmaceutical

How it is made

Produced from histidine by pneumococci or b coli: levy-bruhl, ungar, ann inst pasteur 61, 828 (1938).

Regulatory status

Inventories, regulations and trade controls that list this substance

Health and food

  • Active ingredient in FDA approved drug labels

United States

  • TSCA inventory (USA)
    Status: Active in US commerce

HS code and trade data

Customs classification and reported world trade statistics

Global trade

World import and export statistics for the HS code Histamine is traded under.

HS 2933.29Indicative HS code

Compounds containing an unfused imidazole ring (whether or not hydrogenated) in the…

World exports in 2024
$1.43B
−7.6% vs 2023, imports $1.47B
2019 to 2024
Top exporters
  1. China28.1%
  2. France * partner reported12.7%
  3. India * partner reported10.3%
Top importers
  1. United Kingdom13.0%
  2. United States7.9%
  3. China6.5%

* Partner reported figures, a lower bound.

Reported customs values in USD, not prices.Full trade data

The HS code shown for Histamine is indicative (it was assigned by structure rules). Confirm the classification with your customs broker before shipping.

Frequently asked questions

Quick answers about Histamine, based on the data on this page

What is Histamine?

Histamine is a member of the class of imidazoles that is 1H-imidazole substituted at position C-4 by a 2-aminoethyl group. It has a role as a neurotransmitter, a mouse metabolite and a human metabolite. It is a member of imidazoles and an aralkylamino compound. It is a conjugate base of a histaminium.

What is the CAS number of Histamine?

The CAS registry number of Histamine is 51-45-6. Other or deprecated CAS numbers: 117932-92-0.

What is the molecular formula and weight of Histamine?

The molecular formula of Histamine is C5H9N3 and its molar mass is 111.15 g/mol.

What is Histamine used for?

Known uses and roles of Histamine include building blocks in research and laboratory, screening compounds in research and laboratory, animal metabolite, anti-asthmatic agent, anti-inflammatory agent and 12 more.

Is Histamine hazardous?

Histamine carries the GHS signal word "Danger". Main hazards: toxic if swallowed, causes skin irritation, may cause an allergic skin reaction. This summary is not an SDS, always read the supplier safety data sheet.

What is the HS code of Histamine?

Histamine is usually classified under HS code 293329 (Compounds containing an unfused imidazole ring (whether or not hydrogenated) in the…). This is indicative, confirm it with your customs broker before shipping.

Where can I buy Histamine?

CompoundList lists 102 suppliers of Histamine in United States, China, Germany, United Kingdom and 11 more. Send one free request to get and compare quotes. Your contact details stay private until you accept a quote.

What is the price of Histamine?

Suppliers quote Histamine on request because prices depend on grade, purity, quantity and destination. A free request on CompoundList gets you several quotes to compare.

Guides for buyers

Practical guides that help when you source, ship or handle Histamine

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Data last updated 7 Oct 2026. Details may have changed, please confirm them with the supplier. Report an error on this page
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