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Central nervous system drugs

Pemoline

Also known as Phenoxazole, Azoksodon, Phenylisohydantoin

CAS 2152-34-3Formula C9H8N2O2Molar mass 176.18 g/molEC 218-438-8
GHS signal word: Warning. Pictograms: Harmful or irritant Prohibited, not for trade
Why it is not for trade
Pemoline chemical structure, C9H8N2O2, CAS 2152-34-3
2D chemical structure

Key facts

What buyers check first

All properties
Appearance
Crystals
Melting point
256 to 257
Solubility
Practically insol in ether, acetone, dil hydrochloric acid, sol in propylene glycol (1%)…
HS code
293491
Category
Central nervous system drugs

What is Pemoline?

Plain description, key identifiers and synonyms

Pemoline is a member of the class of 1,3-oxazoles that is 1,3-oxazol-4(5H)-one which is substituted by an amino group at position 2 and by a phenyl group at position 5. A central nervous system stimulant, it was used to treat hyperactivity disorders in children, but withdrawn from use following reports of serious hepatotoxicity. It has a role as a central nervous system stimulant.

Identifiers

Registry numbers, names and line notations, tap to copy

IUPAC name
2-amino-5-phenyl-1,3-oxazol-4-one
CAS number
2152-34-3 CAS number cross-checkedOther or deprecated CAS: 101053-01-4
EC number
218-438-8
Molecular formula
C9H8N2O2
UNII
7GAQ2332NK
InChIKey
NRNCYVBFPDDJNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C9H8N2O2/c10-9-11-8(12)7(13-9)6-4-2-1-3-5-6/h1-5,7H,(H2,10,11,12)
SMILES (canonical and isomeric)
C1=CC=C(C=C1)C2C(=O)N=C(O2)N

Synonyms

  • Phenoxazole
  • Azoksodon
  • Phenylisohydantoin
  • Tradon
  • Azoxodon
  • Dantromin
  • Fenoxazol
  • Cylert
  • Azoxodone
  • Centramin
  • Pemolin
  • Hyton
  • Deltamine
  • Kethamed
  • Sigmadyn
  • Tradone
  • Volital
  • Nitan
  • Okodon
  • Pioxol
  • Pondex
  • Ronyl
  • Sistra
  • Stimul
  • Phenylpseudohydantoin
Show all 39 synonyms
  • Pheniminooxazolidinone
  • Betanamin
  • Deltamin
  • Stimulol
  • Myamin
  • Constimol
  • Endolin
  • Pemolina
  • Phenilone
  • Pomoline
  • Volitol
  • Notair
  • Hyton asa
  • Juston-Wirkstoff

Physical and chemical properties

Measured values and descriptors computed from the structure

Physical and chemical properties

Measured values, check the supplier specification for your grade

Appearance
Crystalsexp.
Taste
Tastelessexp.
Melting point
256 to 257exp.
Solubility
Practically insol in ether, acetone, dil hydrochloric acid, sol in propylene glycol (1%) and hot alcoholexp.

Values vary by grade. Ask suppliers for the COA or TDS of the batch you buy.

Computed descriptors

Calculated from the structure, useful for screening and formulation

Molecular weight
176.18 g/molcalc.
Exact mass
176.0586 Dacalc.
LogP (octanol/water)
0.6calc.
Topological polar surface area
64.68 Ųcalc.
Hydrogen bond donors
1calc.
Hydrogen bond acceptors
3calc.
Rotatable bonds
1calc.
Heavy atoms
13calc.
Rings
2calc.
Aromatic rings
1calc.
Fraction sp3 carbons
0.11calc.
Formal charge
0calc.
Stereocentres
1calc.
Lipinski rule of five
Passes (0 violations)calc.

Calculated for screening. Confirm critical figures with the supplier.

Murcko scaffold

The ring system that remains when every side chain is removed

Murcko scaffold of this chemical, O=C1N=COC1c1ccccc1

O=C1N=COC1c1ccccc1

2 rings, 12 atoms.

6 other chemicals share this scaffold

Safety and hazards

GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet

GHS signal word
Warning
GHS07: Harmful or irritant
Harmful or irritant

Hazard statements

  • H302Harmful if swallowed.
  • H312Harmful in contact with skin.
  • H332Harmful if inhaled.
Precautionary statements (13)
  • P261Avoid breathing dust, fume, gas, mist, vapours or spray.
  • P264Wash skin thoroughly after handling.
  • P270Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
  • P271Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
  • P280Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, eye protection and face protection.
  • P301 + P317If swallowed: Get medical help.
  • P302 + P352If on skin: Wash with plenty of water.
  • P304 + P340If inhaled: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing.
  • P317Get medical help.
  • P321Specific treatment (see supplemental first aid instructions on the label).
  • P330Rinse mouth.
  • P362 + P364Take off contaminated clothing. And wash it before reuse.
  • P501Dispose of contents and container in accordance with local regulations.

GHS classification summary, not a safety data sheet (SDS). Classifications can differ by supplier, grade and concentration. Always check the supplier's SDS.

Full safety data and first aid

Pemoline suppliers

Trading restrictions apply to this substance

Psychotropic substance

Pemoline is prohibited on CompoundList. Listings, quotes and messages are disabled. This page is kept for information only.

Listing and enquiries are not allowed for this substance.

Reference: UN Convention on Psychotropic Substances 1971, HS 2022 subheading 2934.91 (sufentanil and related controlled substances)

Our policy on controlled substances

Pemoline price

Indicative price range per kg from live supplier offers

Prices are not shown for prohibited substances.

Uses and applications

What the substance is used for, by industry and function

This is a (DEA:) Schedule IV controlled substance.

Therapeutic category: CNS Stimulant (Former).

MEDICATION (Former).

Use classes: Pharmaceuticals.

Industries and functions

Pharmacological actions

  • Central Nervous System Stimulants

Roles

  • central nervous system drug
  • central nervous system stimulant
  • pharmaceutical

Functional uses

  • Pharmaceutical

Pharmacology

Pemoline is an oxazolidine compound with central nervous system (CNS) stimulant property. Although pemoline has pharmacological activity similar to other CNS stimulants, the exact mechanism and site of action are unknown. This agent has minimal sympathomimetic properties, but animal studies indicate it may work through dopaminergic mechanisms. Pemoline has been withdrawn from the U.S. market because of the agent's association with life threatening hepatic failure.

Regulatory status

Inventories, regulations and trade controls that list this substance

Psychotropic substance

Pemoline is prohibited on CompoundList. Listings, quotes and messages are disabled. This page is kept for information only.

Listing and enquiries are not allowed for this substance.

Reference: UN Convention on Psychotropic Substances 1971, HS 2022 subheading 2934.91 (sufentanil and related controlled substances)

Our policy on controlled substances

Health and food

  • EU Cosmetics Regulation Annex II, prohibited in cosmetics
    Name: Pemoline (INN) and its salts, Ref no: 212, Annex ref: II/212

Controls

  • US DEA controlled substance or listed chemical
  • Controlled psychotropic substance

HS code and trade data

Customs classification and reported world trade statistics

Global trade

World import and export statistics for the HS code Pemoline is traded under.

HS 2934.91Exact HS code

Aminorex (INN), brotizolam (INN), clotiazepam (INN), cloxazolam (INN), dextromoramide…

World exports in 2024
$18.8M
−15.2% vs 2023, imports $18.8M
2019 to 2024
Top exporters
  1. Italy26.7%
  2. United States25.5%
  3. India * partner reported21.1%
Top importers
  1. Egypt42.6%
  2. Japan11.0%
  3. Denmark6.7%

* Partner reported figures, a lower bound.

Reported customs values in USD, not prices.Full trade data

The HS code shown for Pemoline is indicative (it was matched by name in the HS nomenclature). Confirm the classification with your customs broker before shipping.

Frequently asked questions

Quick answers about Pemoline, based on the data on this page

What is Pemoline?

Pemoline is a member of the class of 1,3-oxazoles that is 1,3-oxazol-4(5H)-one which is substituted by an amino group at position 2 and by a phenyl group at position 5.

What is the CAS number of Pemoline?

The CAS registry number of Pemoline is 2152-34-3. Other or deprecated CAS numbers: 101053-01-4.

What is the molecular formula and weight of Pemoline?

The molecular formula of Pemoline is C9H8N2O2 and its molar mass is 176.18 g/mol.

What is Pemoline used for?

This is a (DEA:) Schedule IV controlled substance. Therapeutic category: CNS Stimulant (Former). MEDICATION (Former). Use classes: Pharmaceuticals.

Is Pemoline hazardous?

Pemoline carries the GHS signal word "Warning". Main hazards: harmful if swallowed, harmful in contact with skin, harmful if inhaled. This summary is not an SDS, always read the supplier safety data sheet.

What is the HS code of Pemoline?

Pemoline is usually classified under HS code 293491 (Aminorex (INN), brotizolam (INN), clotiazepam (INN), cloxazolam (INN), dextromoramide…). This is indicative, confirm it with your customs broker before shipping.

Can I buy Pemoline on CompoundList?

No. Pemoline is on our prohibited list, so listings, quotes and messages for it are disabled. This page is kept for information only.

Guides for buyers

Practical guides that help when you source, ship or handle Pemoline

Data last updated 7 Oct 2026. Details may have changed, please confirm them with the supplier. Report an error on this page

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